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OBGYN 1 > Chapter 12: Benign Disease of the Female Pelvis > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Benign Disease of the Female Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

surgical removal of adhesions (scar tissue)

A

adhesiolysis

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2
Q

failure to ovulate

A

anovulation

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3
Q

inflammation of the bowel

A

Chrohn disease

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4
Q

surgery performed with an electrical device such as an electrocautery

A

electrosurgery

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5
Q

Blood-filled ovarian cyst resultant from endometriosis implants

A

endometrioma

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6
Q

hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland which stimulates growth of the Graafian follicles

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

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7
Q

form of carcinoma that grows into the uterine musculature

A

chorioadenoma destruens

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8
Q

Genetically abnormal pregnancy that develops into a grape-like mass within the uterus

A

hydatidform mole

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9
Q

Increased testosterone levels associated with PCOS

A

hyperandrogenemia

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10
Q

excessive production/secretion of androgens

A

hyperandrogenism

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11
Q

reconstructive surgery of the uterus

A

hysteroplasty

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12
Q

instrument allowing visualization of the uterus

A

hysteroscope

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13
Q

collapsing and rolling inward

A

involute

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14
Q

hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland which stimulates ovulation

A

luteininizing hormone (LH)

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15
Q

Breaking up of tissue

A

lysis

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16
Q

Abnormally heavy or prolonged menses

A

menorrhagia

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17
Q

infrequent menses

A

oligomenorrhea

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18
Q

infrequent ovulation

A

oligoanovulation

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19
Q

peritoneal fold supporting the abdominal viscera

A

omentum

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20
Q

growth of the placenta into the myometrium

A

placenta accrete

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21
Q

Implantation of the placenta in the lower uterine segment or on the cervix

A

placenta previa

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22
Q

microscopic collection of calcium associated with specific tumor types

A

psammoma bodies

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23
Q

tissue that absorbs x-rays appearing white on the resulting radiograph

A

radiodense (radiopaque)

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24
Q

hemorrhage into a leiomyoma that has outgrown its blood supply

A

red degeneration

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25
Q

antiestrogenic drug used to decrease the occurence of certain estrogen-sensitive breast cancers

A

tamoxifen

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26
Q

partial separation of the myometrium at the location of uterine scar t

A

uterine dehiscence

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27
Q

excessive hair on a woman

28
Q

Select the cervical anomaly that does not cause bleeding.
a. leiomyoma
b. polyp
c. Nabothian cyst
d. hyperplasia

29
Q

HSG is:

A

hysterosalpingography

30
Q

Uterine dehiscence is caused by:

A

uterine surgeries such as cesarean section

31
Q

Leiomyomas:
a. occur in 50% - 60% of women of reproductive age
b. are the most common tumor of the female pelvis
c. usually occur after menopause
d. are also known as myometra

32
Q

Degenerative changes occur when myomas:

A

outgrow their blood supply

33
Q

Sonohysterography (SHSG):
a. produces radiation to the patient
b. may cause bleeding, intense pain, and provide ovarian contour information
c. is performed in place of a myomectomy
d. demonstrates myomatous extension onto the endometrioum through visualizing filling defects

34
Q

Differentiating a pelvic mass from bowel may be done by:

A

monitoring the suspect area for peristalsis

35
Q

Lymphoceles, uromas, hematomas, and abscesses:
a. area easily differentiated because each has unique attributes
b. share sonographic characteristics of cystic structures with separation
c. display similar laboratory reports
d. cause distinct symptoms

36
Q

A fibromyoma located within the myometrium is labeled:

A

intramural

37
Q

Anechoic or complex lesions of the superior anterolateral vagina wall (adjacent to the cervix) are:

A

Gartner duct cysts

38
Q

Select the sonographic criteria most likely not related to benign ovarian cysts.
a. lack of color flow within the cystic structure
b. increased posterior enhancement
c. homogeneously increased echogenecity
d. smooth posterior border

39
Q

The “ring of fire” demonstrated peripherally when imaging a cyst with color or power Doppler is related to:

A

corpus luteum cysts

40
Q

Sonographic findings in serous cystadenoma compared to mucinous cystadenoma are:

A

serous displays cystic fluid-fluid levels, mucinous appears cystic with projections from the cyst wall.

41
Q

Gonadoblastoma tumors may cause all of the following except:
a. primary amenorrhea
b. abscess
c. abnormal genitalia
d. virilization

42
Q

Meigs syndrome presents as:

A

ascites, pleural effusion, and an ovarian neoplasm

43
Q

Select the description for ovarian remnant syndrome:
a. Severe adhesions and endometriosis
b. FSH/LH hyperstimulation
c. unilateral oophorectomy
d. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy followed by restored function of remnant ovarian tissue

44
Q

A posthysterectomy AP vaginal cuff should measure:

A

less than 2.2 cm

45
Q

A cystadenoma is a ____ tumor originating in glandular tissue.

46
Q

Paraovarian cysts arise from the:

47
Q

Excessive growth of the endometrium is a condition called_

A

endometrial hypoplasia

48
Q

The gold standard diagnostic procedure for the uterus and fallopian tubes is:

A

hysterosalpingography

49
Q

Asherman syndrome, which is _____ of the endometrium, is also known as ______.

A

adhesions
synechaie

50
Q

A condition in which the uterine myometrium separates leaving an intact peritoneum is _____.

A

uterine dehiscence

51
Q

Uterine scarring caused be cesaeran section occurs on the ______ of ______ at the ______ of the _____.

A

anterior section
uterus
internal os
cervix

52
Q

Techniques that may help demonstrate myomas include:

A

lowest frequency transducer possible
increase overall and time gain compensation
increase the output power because myomas tend to attenuate the sound beam

53
Q

_____ formation within the pelvis may be owing to an infectious process involving the tubes, ovaries, appendix, bowel, peritoneum, or bowel perforation.

54
Q

The sonographic appearance of a lymphocele is a pocket of fluid with a well-defined _____ mass.

55
Q

Leiomyomas are also called:

A

myoma
leiomyomata
fibromyoma

56
Q

Multiple large subserosal myomas may result in an _____ uterus with a ______ contour; large intramural submucous myomas may distend the _____ cavity and distort the ______.

A

enlarged
lobulated
cavity
endometrial lining

57
Q

The normal appendix measures less than _____ from outer edge to outer edge.

58
Q

If fallopian tubes are detected sonographically as tubular, tortuous, and fluid-filled, a diagnosis may be ____ or ____.

A

pyosalpinx
hydrosalpinx

59
Q

Functional or physiological cysts of the ovary include:

A

ovarian follicles
follicular cysts
corpus luteum cysts
theca lutein cysts

60
Q

Cysts greater than 10 cm in size have a greater potential to be _____ or invasive.

61
Q

Ovarian torsion presents mostly on the _____ side and demonstrates _____ of blood flow.

A

right
decrease or absence

62
Q

Fibrothecomas demonstrate a ____ contour, ______, and _____.

A

Smooth
Hypoechoic
Solid

63
Q

_______ are fluid-filled masses caused by serous fluid collections between layers of peritoneum or adhesions.

A

Peritoneal inclusion cysts

64
Q

Gonadoblastoma size ranges up to ____ cm. They demonstrate areas of ______.

A

8
Calcification

65
Q

Cysts measuring less than ____ cm in greatest diameter usually regress spontaneously.

66
Q

Tumors containing teeth, hair, glandular tissues, and possibly neural or thyroid tissue are _____ or ____ tumors.

A

Teratomas
Dermoid

OBGYN 1 (18 decks)

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