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OBGYN 1 > Chapter 3: Principles of Scanning Technique in Gynecologic Ultrasound > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Principles of Scanning Technique in Gynecologic Ultrasound Flashcards

1
Q

area around an organ

A

adnexa

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2
Q

fluid within the abdominal or pelvic cavity

A

ascites

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3
Q

inside a cavity such as the abdomen or pelvis

A

endocavity

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4
Q

electronic database containing all the patient information

A

electronic medical record (EMR)

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5
Q

Biophysical results of the interaction of sound waves and tissue

A

bioeffects

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6
Q

nonpregnant

A

nongravid

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7
Q

paper-based or computerized system designed to manage hospital data, such as billing and patient records

A

hospital information system

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8
Q

position of the patient with the feet in stirrups often used during delivery

A

lithotomy position

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9
Q

image through the abdomen

A

transabdominal

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10
Q

top portion of the uterus

A

fundus

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11
Q

around the vessels

A

perivascular

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12
Q

database that stores radiologic images

A

picture archiving and communications systems

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13
Q

within the vagina

A

transvaginal/endovaginal

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14
Q

list of images required for a complete examination

A

scanning protocol

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15
Q

electronic list of patients entered into a modality, such as ultrasound, which helps reduce data entry errors

A

modality worklist

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16
Q

area of the transducer that comes in contact with the patient and emits ultrasound

A

transducer footprint

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17
Q

physical or electronic system designed to manage radiology data, such as billing, reports, and images

A

radiology information system

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18
Q

What hospital electronic system would a sonographer use to locate a list of patients on the ultrasound machine?

A

MWL

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19
Q

Necessary clinical information for a pelvic sonographic examination include:

A

parity, gravidity, symptoms, pelvic history to include pelvic procedures, surgical history

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20
Q

Parity is:

A

the number of pregnancies a patient has carried to term

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21
Q

A G4P3A1T3 female is explained as having:

A

four total pregnancies, three full-term pregnancies, and one abortion

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22
Q

Every sonographer should be familiar with ultraound-related organizations and suggested scanning protocols for their profession. Choose the group that will not provide reliable pelvic sonographic scanning information.
a. AIUM
b. ACR
c. SDMS
d. APR

A

d

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23
Q

An adequately filled bladder usually extends ____ the fundus of a nongravid uterus.

A

slightly beyong

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24
Q

An adequately filled bladder usually extends ____ the fundus of a nongravid uterus.

A

slightly beyond

25
Q

Select the correct optimization technique:
a. angle the sonographic beam parallel to the structure of interest
b. Use a lower-frequency transducer for penetration
c. Set focal zones 1 cm inferior to the structure of interest
d. choose a low-frequency transducer for superficial structures

A

a

26
Q

If a premenopausal female should prepare for a gynecologic ultrasound by drinking 32 ounces of water 1 hour before the examination, what preparation would be suggested for a 70 year old with vaginal bleeding and incontinence?

A

25 ounces

27
Q

a 2.5-MHz transducer is usually required to produce a diagnostic image on ____ patient

A

a large habitus

28
Q

Endovaginal optimal focal range is from”

A

2 to 7 cm

29
Q

An optimal endovaginal image with the finest resolution possible can be created by:

A

decreasing sector size

30
Q

Endovaginal transducers cannot be inserted past the area of the:

A

vaginal fornices

31
Q

Endovaginal ultrasound may not produce a diagnostic image in a patient:

A

with an enlarged leiomyomatous uterus

32
Q

Select the incorrect statement.

Transperineal scanning:
a. is a safe option to replace endovaginal imaging in the case of pregnancy with ruptured membranes
b. images inferior to bowel gas, therefore avoiding obstructive shadows
c. may be performed if a patient declines endovaginal scanning
d. is performed between the labia on the perineum

A

b

33
Q

Prior to an endovaginal ultrasound, the transducer should be lubricated. Which lubricant is best for a patient being treated for infertility?

A

saline

34
Q

The sonographer can adjust power levels and scan efficiently to minimize patient exposure levels. This is known as:

A

ALARA

35
Q

An ultrasound measurement of tissue stiffness is known as:

A

sonoelastography

36
Q

Individuals choosing sonography as a profession should become certified. The gold standard certifying body is:

A

ARDMS

37
Q

Sonohysterography images may demonstrate all except:
a. patent fallopian tubes
b. microbubbles within the uterine cavity
c. endometrial polyps
d. pelvic endometriosis

A

d

38
Q

Mechanical acquisition volume transducers providing sequential still images use ____ planes.

A

3

39
Q

Prior to starting a patient sonographic examination, the sonographer should use ____ facility-accepted identifiers to confirm the patient’s identification

A

two

40
Q

Optimization of an examination reduces cost and adheres to the ______ principle in reducing exposure to ultrasound energy and decreases patient discomfort.

A

ALARA

41
Q

A full bladder is necessary for a

A

transabdominal exam

42
Q

An empty bladder is necessary for an

A

endovaginal exam

43
Q

A ______ requires a sonographer to place their hand on a patient’s pelvic area while applying pressure in the region of the area of interest.

A

bimanual maneuver

44
Q

______ refers to the number of previous pregnancies and includes the current gestation.

A

gravidity

45
Q

Parity of 3 (P3) refers to the number of pregnancies a woman has carried to _____/

A

term

46
Q

______ the transvaginal/endovaginal transducer prior to insertion to decrease patient discomfort.

A

Lubricate

47
Q

The best resolution occurs within the ____ zone of the transducer.

A

focal

48
Q

Base your transducer choice on patient _______ and examination objectives/

A

body habitus

49
Q

______ array transducers combine the wider field of view of sector transducers with greater near-field visualization and increased linear measurement accuracy.

A

curved linear

50
Q

If endovaginal scanning is contraindicated, the _____ approach may enable the sonographer to obtain images of the _____ and lower uterine segment.

A

cervix

51
Q

Transvaginal/endovaginal ultrasound can assist in determining early detection of ______ pregnancy, diagnosis of placenta _____, and determination of fetal _____ rate and viability.

A

intrauterine
previa
heart

52
Q

Imaging with 2D, color, and spectral Doppler is called _____ imaging.

A

triplex

53
Q

Positioning the patient in a left or right ______ position may be helpful in the case of a less than optimally filled bladder when examining the female pelvis.

A

oblique

54
Q

A ____- degree counterclockwise rotation of the transducer allows for imaging in transverse or oblique transverse planes

A

90

55
Q

A hysterosalpingogram uses ____ as a contrast agent.

A

saline

56
Q

When imaging a solid ovarian mass, careful examination of the liver edge, flanks for _____, cul-de-sac, and ______ pouch is necessary.

A

ascites
Morison

57
Q

______- filled structures enhance the transmission of sound.

A

fluid

58
Q

Ovarian size may be determined by measuring the ovary in ___ dimensions on views obtained in ____ orthogonal planes with calculation of the ovarian volume if necessary

A

3
2

59
Q

scanning directions

A

top: anterior
bottom: posterior
left
right

OBGYN 1 (18 decks)

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