Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OBGYN 1 > Chapter 11: Pediatric Pelvis > Flashcards

Chapter 11: Pediatric Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

increase in adrenal gland activity seen at the onset of puberty

A

adrenarche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Synthetic estrogen used from 1940-1971 to aid in pregnancy maintenance that resulted in T shaped uterus in female children.

A

diethylstilbestrol (DES)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

class of tumors that originate in either the egg or the sperm

A

germ cell tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

loss of primordial germ cells in the gonads of an embryo

A

gonadal dysgenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

having both male and female characteristics

A

hermaphrodite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

vascular tumor of the adrenal gland

A

pheochomocytoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

early onset of puberty usually before 8 years of age

A

precocious puberty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

individual with external genitalia of one sec and the internal organs of another sex

A

pseudohermaphadite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

malignancy derived from striated or skeletal muscle

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

nodule projecting from a thickened cyst wall, usually ovarian in origin

A

Rokitansky nodule, aka dermoid plug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

start of breast development at the onset of puberty

A

thelarche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

genetic syndrome characterized by an X and O chromosome combination resulting in a female with premature ovarian failure and lack of puberty

A

Turner syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Intersexual genitalia

A

ambiguous genitalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

irregular flat spots of increased skin pigmentation

A

Cafe au lait skin pigmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

An ineffective method of reducing adolescent anxiety prior to and during an ultrasound examination would be:
a. singing songs and reciting nursery rhymes for younger adolescents
b. allowing a bottle or pacifier for an infant
c. providing a nurse chaperone
d. permitting parents or loved ones to stay during the examination

A

c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When examining the pelvis of an infant or small child with ultrasound, which transducer is recommended?

A

Phased array or curved linear array in the range of 4 to 10 MHz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Motion reduction on still images while imaging children can be attained by:

A

decreasing persistence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bladder filling for infants can usually be accomplished by feeding a bottle:

A

30 minutes prior to the sonographic examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A newborn female uterus is typically ____ shaped, whereas a 3 month old uterus is usually ____ shaped.

A

spade, tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The best method to visualize an adolescent vagina is by:

A

TAS (transabdominal sonography)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ovarian volume of a female under 5 years old is:

A

1 cm ^3 or less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Ovarian cysts measuring over 9 mm in the first year of life are known as:

A

macrocysts

23
Q

The most common lower urinary tract tumor discovered in the pediatric community is:

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

24
Q

In the pediatric population, benign lesions of the lower urinary tract such as leiomyoma, fibroma, and hemangioma:
a. occur in older adolescents more often than infants and young children
b. occur in children associated with fetal alcohol syndrome
c. are very uncommon
d. may transition into cancer if untreated

A

b

25
Q

The most common site of tumors in the pediatric female genital tract is the:

A

vagina

26
Q

An infection that can potentially affect the ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes and can cause tubo-ovarian abscess, endometritis, salpingitis, oophoritis, and/or pelvic peritonitis:

A

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

27
Q

Rhabdomysosarcoma is the tumor found most commonly in the lower urinary tract of the pediatric population. This tumor usually originates from the:

A

cervix/vagina

28
Q

Precocious puberty is:

A

the onset of puberty usually before 8 years of age

29
Q

Large ovarian cysts are common in fetuses of mothers with:

A

toxemia

30
Q

Select Turner syndrome characteristics:
a. stocky arms and legs, wide neck, genital underdevelopment
b. polydactyly, abnormal genitalia, omphalocele
c. Deficient ovaries, dwarfism, amenorrhea, webbed neck
d. Choroid plexus cyst, polyhydramnios, esophagus atresia

A

c

31
Q

Ambiguous genitalia in neonates warrants sonography to exclude anomalies associated with:
a. gonads, adrenal glands, kidneys
b. internal and external genitalia, spleen, kidney
c. breast lumps, internal genitalia
d. gonads, liver, pancreas, spleen

A

a

32
Q

The most common ultrasound appearance of a rhabdomyosarcoma is described as:

A

homogenous with a muscle-like appearance

33
Q

Gartner duct cysts:
a. are located within the uterine myometrium and complex in appearance
b. are located within the vaginal wall, have a simple and cystic appearance, and are both single or multiple in number
c. are located within the cervix are hypoechoic solid structures
d. are located within the vagina and are heterogeneous

A

b

34
Q

Hematrocolpos is:

A

blood in both the uterus and vagina

35
Q

The method of ultrasound imaging that is close to the vagina and does not require the introduction of a transducer into the vagina is called ______.

A

transperineal imaging

36
Q

High-resolution, real-time, and _______ are important imaging techniques for the lower abdominal and pelvic structures of infants, children, and adolescents.

A

3D ultrasound

37
Q

In adolescent pelvic sonography, ______ may be required if bladder filling cannot be achieved by p.o (by mouth) fluid intake.

A

catheterization

38
Q

Adult and pediatric ultrasound examinations are similar in scanning ______ and exam ______.

A

planes
protocol

39
Q

Transperineal ultrasound imaging delineates ______ pathology and imperforate ____.

A

vaginal
anus

40
Q

The prepubertal uterues measures ____ cm long.

A

2.5-3

41
Q

Ovarian cysts in birth to 2 year olds usually relate to a higher level of _______ in the neonate.

A

maternal hormones

42
Q

When a tumor, such as rhabdomyosarcoma, originates from the bladder or prostate, pediatric patients have symptoms of ______ and ______.

A

hematuria
urinary tract obstruction

43
Q

In the pediatric pelvis, pheochromocytoma is usually detected in the submucosal layer of the _____ wall of the bladder near the _____ or in the _____ of the bladder.

A

posterior
trigone
dome

44
Q

Ovarian tumors present with a variety of symptoms including ______, _______, and _______.

A

pelvic pain
swelling
inflammation

45
Q

The most common tumor during the reproductive years is a _______.

A

benign cystic teratoma

46
Q

Meig syndrome is the triad of _____, ______, and _____.

A

ascites
pleural effusion
fibroma

47
Q

Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant pediatric _____ mass.

A

ovarian

48
Q

Serous tumor usually demonstrates ____ septa, solid elements, and are _____.

A

thick
multilocular

49
Q

Ovarian cysts may cause ovarian _____ if they become large.

A

torsion

50
Q

Gonadal dysgenesis patients may have _____ gonads.

A

“streak”

51
Q

Fluid in the vagina is _____ and blood in the vagina is ______.

A

hydrocolpos
hematocolpos

52
Q

Fluid in both the uterus and vagina is ______.

A

hydrometrocolpos

53
Q

The sonographic appearance of hydrocolpos is a cystic, _____-shaped mass in the midline arising from the pelvis between the bladder and ____.

A

pear
rectum

54
Q

Clinical symptoms of ovarian torsion are _____, _____, ______, ______, and ______.

A

lower abdominal pain
fever
lack of appetite
nausea
vomiting

OBGYN 1 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions