Chapter 16: Imaging the intrauterine device Flashcards
Within an organ or body cavity
Intracavitary
Product inserted into the uterine cavity as a mechanism to prevent pregnancy or deliver hormones
Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD or IUCD)
IUCD with synthetic progesterone embedded in a reservoir surrounding the shaft
Levonorgestrol (LNG-IUD)
Relating to or causing death of an ovum
Ovicidal
Material or tissue that blocks the passage of x-rays, with a bone or near-bone density. A radiopaque structure is white or nearly white on conventional x-rays.
Radiopaque
Horn-shaped anatomical structure (as of the uterus). The uterine corpus are where the uterus and fallopian tubes meet.
Cornu
Penetration into the myometrium, but not through the serosa
Embedment
Penetration through the myometrium and serosa, either partially or completely with migration into the intraperitoneal cavity
Perforation
Located either partially or completely through the external cervical os
Expulsion
IUCD that is rotated from the normal transverse position or located away from the Fundus and within the lower uterine segment or cervix or lacks deployment of the wings
Displacement
Form of permanent contraception using metallic coils or a silicone plug to obstruct the fallopian tubes
Transcervical tubal occlusion device
Formation of calcium carbonate deposits on or near the IUD, demonstrated as uneven echoes surrounding the normal IUD echoes
Incrustation
IUD that has been broken during expulsion or removal, including embedded removal strings
Fragmentation
Serious condition in pregnant women in which the membranes that surround the fetus and the amniotic fluid are infected by bacteria
Chorioamnionitis
Select the IUCD that has never been marketed in the United States.
A. Copper IUCD
B. Lipped loop
C. Chinese ring
D. Levonorgestrel IUCD
C
Choose the false statement.
A. IUCD arms measure between 20 and 30 mm
B. Polyethylene monofilament retrieval strings attach to the base of the IUCD stem
C. An IUCD consists of T-shaped polyelthene frame
D. An IUCD shaft length measures 30 to 36 mm
A
A mispositioned or expelled IUCD can be owing to:
Congenital malformation
Expulsion risk of an IUCD is greatest in the:
First year of use
Displacement of the IUCD occurs when an IUCD:
Is rotated from the normal transverse position
IUCD position is best documented by:
CT
The optimal position of the copper or hormone releasing IUCD is:
In the fundal portion of the endometrial cavity with the wings extending to the uterine cornua
If the IUCD is visible or can be felt through the external cervical is, it is labeled as:
Partially expulsed
IUCD perforation occurs more frequently in:
A fibroid uterus
Select the incorrect statement.
A. Embedment of an IUCD often occurs at the time of insertion
B. The copper IUCD releases levonorgestrel ions
C. Embedment of an IUCD occurs through gradual penetration in the uterine wall
D. Patients with a displaced IUCD may be asymptomatic but present with a missing IUCD string
B
Silicone impregnated matrix devices used for permanent birth control appear on sonography as:
Echogenic foci located on the lateral borders of the uterine cornua
Uterine perforation by an IUCD may cause all except:
A. Vaginal bleeding
B. No symptoms
C. Tubal occlusion
D. Abdominal pain
C
Essure is a permanent birth control that is no longer used in the United States. When used, where was it inserted?
Fallopian tube
The risk of a pregnancy in a female with an IUCD is:
Ectopic pregnancy
The two IUCD types marketed in the United States, which provide reversible contraception are:
Nonhormonal copper containing IUCDs
Hormone releasing devices
An IUCD that moves from the uterine endometrium through the cervical os is known as an IUCD ______.
expulsion
Transcervical tubal devices are a form of contraception introduced for women to achieve _______ contraception.
cost-effective
The IUCD string is also known as the _____ string.
retrieval
Leaving an IUCD in place with a viable pregnancy increases the rates of spontaneous ______, bleeding, premature ________, preterm delivery, ______, and fetal congenital malformation.
abortion
rupture of memebranes
chorioamnionitis
The wings of the displaced IUCD often become _____ or can even _____ the uterine wall.
embedded
perforate
All types of IUCDs should be located in the _______ portion of the endometrial cavity.
upper portion
A properly positioned IUCD should appear as a ______ echogenic structure in the endometrium.
bright
The older copper IUCDs can decrease in effectiveness owing to ______ (calcification).
incrustation
A spiral shaped IUCD is a ______.
Lippes loop
