Microdeck_14431061 (1) Flashcards
TSA w/sheep blood, diff w/hemolysis, most nonfastidious bacteria
SBA Sheep blood agar
Isolation of Haemophilus and Neisseria, factors X &V, incubated at increased CO2But best for…Neisseria gonnerhea better on…
CHOC, chocolate agarBetter for HaemophilusBest for gonnerhea and meningitis is modified thayer martin
CHOC supplies which factors and is incubated with increased what?
X, V, increased CO2
Columbia colistin-nalidixic acid agar, CNAisolates…suppresses…
isolates GPsuppresses GN
Phenyl ethyl alcohol agarPEAisolates for … and …inhibits
isolates GPC and anaerobic GNRinhibits enteric GNR
PEA
Phenyl ethyl alcohol agar
Columbia colistin-nalidixic acid agar
CNA
EMB
eosin methylene blue
EMB, isolates…inhibits….LF are … To … E.coli what kind of color…
isolates enteric GNRinhibits GPLF are green-black to purpleE.coli have a green metallic sheen
MACisolates…inhibits…LF color…
isolates enteric GNRinhibits GP
bile salts and crystal violet that inhibit most GP are in what medium
MAC
SMACsorbitol MacConkey isolates……doesn’t ferment sorbitol and are colorless
E.coli 0157:H7
4 medias for isolation of salmonella and shigella
SS, HE, XLD, GN
Hektoen enteric (HE) isolates these twoinhibits
Salmonella and shigellainhibits normal GI flora
XLD
xylose lysine deoxycholate
Cold loving, optimum temp 15C
psychrophiles
moderate temp, 37C most pathogenic organisms
mesophiles
heat loving, 50-60C
thermophiles
obligate anaerobes are harmed by
O2
Facultative anaerobes can grow…
with or w/out O2
microaerophiles prefer
lower O2
capnophiles prefer
higher CO2
Aerotolerant
do not need O2, and not hurt by it
Typical incubation CO2% temp/name of ideal temphumidity
5-10% CO235-37C/98.6F/optiumum50-70% humidity
Autoclave lbs, mins, temp
15lbs, 15min, 121C
QC for wet sterilization/autoclave
Bacillusstearothermophilus
Two halogens that are disinfectants
idoine and chlorine
Process that inactivates or inhibits microbes (not spores)and example
disinfectionBleach (1:10)
Process that kills all microbes including sporesand examples
sterilizationautoclaves
Penicillin
beta lactaminhibits cell wells
Gram neg anaerobe resistant to peniciilin
B.fragilis
Two antibiotics best indicators for poor disk storage
penicilin and methicillin
Vancomycin is drug of choice for these two microbes
C.difficile and MRSA
Vancomycin is a
glycopoeptide
Kirby-Bauer Method uses what agar
MHMueller-Hinton
McFarland is what concentration and how many organisms
0.510*8
MIC
minimum inhibitory concentrationlowest concentration that prevents growthfirst dilution w/no growth
MBC
minimum bacteristatic concentrationlowest concentration results in >99.9% killing
E-test
MIC on a stick
Modified Thayer-Martin good for these two
N.gonorrhea and N.meningitis
Thayer Martin media is what kind of agar
enriched chocolate
Difference between TM and Modified
MTM has trimethroprim lactate which inhibits swarming of Proteus
Middlebrook 7H10 and Lowenstein-Jenson good forWhich one best for observing microscopically
MycobacteriumMiddlebrook 7H11
Species for QC of dry heat oven
B.subtilis
BBE good for
B.fragilisBacteroides Bile Esculin
CCFA Cycloserine-Cefoxitinfor
C.difficile
Regan-Lowe andBordet-Gengou for…which one preferred…
B.pertussisRegan-Lowe preferred
BCYEbuffered charcoal yeast extract for
Legionella
Cystine-Tellurite, Tinsdale and Loefflers Medium
C.diphtheriae
Never refridgerate these 3
CSF, anaerobic and GC
Blood culture preped with…draw before…dilution/ml
prep with alcohol, iodinedraw before fever spike1:10 dilution, 10mL
2 Stains for acid fast/mycobacteriabest of the two…
Kinyoun and Ziehl-NielsonKinyoun
Calcofluor white stains…KOH is used to…
stains yeast/fungiKOH breaks down debris and mucous
Gram stainprimary stain, decolorizer, mordant and counterstain
Crystal violetacohol/acetoneiodinesafranin
JEMBEC plates used to
transport and grow N.gonorrhoeae
Modified Thayer-Martin, Martin LewisNYC, GC-LECT,JEMBEC isolate
N.gonorrhoeae and meningitidis
Two species of enterobacteriaceae that are nonmotile
shigella and klebsiella
Species of enterobacteriaceae that is both motile and nonmotile at diff temps
Yersinia
Two genuses that form spore
Bacillus and clostridium
Disinfectant for walls/floors that doesn’t kill spores/myco/noneveloped
quarternary ammoniums
Phenol
disinfectant, doesn’t kill spores
2% aqueous glutaraldehyde
used when items can’t be sterlized by heatcold sterlization
Sodium polyanethod sulfonate (SPS)
used to grow bacteria by preventing clotting, phagocytosis and bactericial effects
Urethral contamination of urine is greather than Squamous epis/hpf
10
Resistance to penicillin should be tested for
beta lactamase production
beta-lactamase test that uses nitrocefin and there is hydrolysis of the beta lactim ring resulting in red color
Chromogenic cephalosporin metodor Nitrocefin test
Tests beta lactamase w/penicillin-pheno red substrate leading to color change from red to yellow to penicilloic acid
Acidimetric method
Test for beta lactamase where betalactamse hydroyze penicillin G and reduce iodine, resulting in fading of blue to colorless
Iodometric method
Potassium tellurite used to id
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Potassium tellurite inhibits…color of C.diph
gp/gn nornal floragray black
Loeffler serum agar enhances these two things for C.diph
pleomorphism and metachromatic granules
Elek test detects toxin for
C.diph
TCBSthiosulfate citrate bile salts used for
Vibrio
2 kinds of alpha heme
s.pneumoviridians
3 kinds of beta heme
Group A, BL.mono
1 gamma heme
enterococci
GPC resistant to bacitracin
Staph
Cause of toxic shock and food poisoning
S.aureus
Staph that is nonheme and common cause of hospital aquired UTI
S.epi
staph that is mostly novobiocin sensitive
CNS
Antibiotic disk that diff between CNS and S.saproS.Sapro versus CNS susceptibility
NovobiocinAll CNS suspectible to Novobiocinexcept S.sapro is resistant
Strain of CNS that is resistant to novobiocin
S.sapro
Pigmented, high domed large GPC
micrococcus
Test that diff staph versus strep
catalase
Mannitol salt agar, MSA selects for
S.aureus, pos
90% of strep, cause of rheumatic fever, scarlet fever
Group A StrepS.pyogenes
Strep that is sensitive to BacitracinHow many units on disks
Group A strepS.pyogenes0.02-0.04
Strep NF of female genital and cause of neonatal issues
Group B strepS.agalactiaae
Diff Group A from B with what antibiotic…which one is which
BacitracinGroup A is sensitiveGroup B is resistant
Strep that is hippurate poss and CAMP pos (shows arrowhead)
group B strepS.agalactiae
beta Strep that is PYR pos
Grp A strep
Non heme strep that causes nosocomial UTI and hydrolyzes esculin
Group D Strepnonenterococci
two examples of Group D strep
S.bovis, S.gallolyticus
Used to be called strep, alpha/non heme, hydrolyzes esculin and grows in NaCL
enteroccouccus
Two oval GPC organisms that can cause nosocomial UTI, is in GI, and hydrolyze esculin
Group D and enterocccocci
What diff Group D and enterococci
Enterococcus grows in NaCl
GPC lancet shaped, alpha heme, encapsulated normal in uppper respiratory
S.pneumo
Strep that is sensitive to Optochin
S.pneumo
P disk is called
Optochin
Strep that is sensitive to optochin and is bile soluble
S.pneumo
2 Tests that diff S.pneumo from viridiansWhich one is pos for both
optochin and bile solubilityS.pneumo posviridians neg
Group F
microaerophillicS.milleri
GPC that has butterscotch odor
microaerophillics.milleri
Large GPC that are nonpatho, in environment/skin, pigmented and microdase pos
micrococcus
Antibiotic that will kill MRSA
Vancomycin
Two genera with GN dipplococci and oxidase pos
Neisseria, Moraxella
GNDC coffee bean shaped, oxidase pos,
Neisseria
GNDC that ferments glucose only
N.gonn
GNDC that is uppe respir, ferments both glucose and maltose
N.meningitidis
GNDC of upper respiratory in kids, ferments all glucose, maltose and lactose
N.lactamica
Organism that causes upper respiratory, otitis media, hockey puck colonies
M.cattarhalis
GNDC that is neg for sugars, DNase pos, butyrate esterase pos
M.catarrhalis
3 oxidase pos GNDC
N.mening,gonnM.catt
GNDC needs Co2, 48hrs to grow, ferments glucose only
N.gonn
N.mening transmitted by…seen mostly in…ferments these two sugars…
respiratory dropskidsglucose, maltose
These two test diff M.cat from Neisseria
DNase posbutyrate esterase pos
M.cat seen in…
resp infections
spore forming GP rods
bacillus
4 nonspore forming GP rods
CLENCorynebacteriumLiseriaErysipelothrixNocardia
CLEN acronym for nonspore forming GP rods
CorynebacteriumListeriaErysipelothrixNocardia
Gram variable/pos with clue cells, bacterial vaginosis
Gardnerella vaginalis
GPR that appears as chinese letters and has metachromatic granules
Corynebaceriumdiphtheriae
Which medium will help enhance metachromic granules in C.diphtheriae
Loefflers
Which GPR has metachromatic granules on Loefflers
C. diphtheriae
Elek test tests for…in what organism
toxin productionC.diphtheriae
Ingrient in Tinsdale agar and color change due to its hydrolysisorganism diff on this
telluriteblackC.diphtheriae
GPR with tumbling motility/umbrella motility at RT
L.monocytogenes
GPR with test tube brush growth in gelatin and cause of occupational infections for fisherman etc
Erysipelothrixrhuiopathiae
GPR spores, ground glass
Bacillus
Bamboo shoots, medusa head
B.anthracis
Bacillus that causes food poisoning due to fried rice toxin
B.cereus
Most Bacillus are motile except for
B.anthracis
GPR on skin/mucous, club shaped
Corynebacterium
GPR grows on Loeffler, has metachromic granules, has TOX gene
Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae
GPR that is hospital acquired, most commonly isolated diphtheroid
C.jeikeium
GPR that can cause issues in newborns and food poisoning
L.mono
GPR causing skin/lung infections and has sulfur granules
Nocardia
Nocardia that causes skin infectionsq
N.brasiliensis
Nocardia that causes lung infections
N.asteroides
What diff L.mono fron diptheroids/corynebacterium
motility
Another name for metachromatic granules
Babes-Ernst granules
Potassium tellurite inhibits…
normal flora so that C..diph can grow
GP to Gvariable cocco bacillius that can be grown in cold enrichment
L.mono
Diptheroid that is NF in throat
C.pseudo-diphtheriticum
Two tests to diff L.mono from Corynebacteriumwhich one pos/neg
motility and salicinL.mono: motile, salicin +Cory: nonmotile, salicin -
What stain does mycobacteria use
acid fast, Kinyoun
NALC and NaOH do what for mycobacteria
NALC liquefyNaOH digest/decontaminate
Mycobacteria need to be incubated with…at…
with 5% CO2, at 35C
Two mediums for mycobacteria, which one clear and can examine microscopically
Middlebrook 7H11: clear plateLowenstein-Jensen: green slant
Tween 80 test diff and is pos inpos turns…neg is…
Myco kansasiipink/redamber
What can distinguish M.tb from others
Nitrate and niacin
Niacin and nitrate can differentiate these two mycobacteria
M.tbM.bovis
M.tb is nicacin/nitate…M.bovis is niacin/nitrate…
tb is posbovis is neg
Arylsulfatase test diff what genusArylsulfatase is an enzyme that splits free phenolphthalein from the tripotassium salt of phenolphthalein disulfite. The test for the identification of …. species is performed in a tube containing a substrate of phenolphthalein.
mycobacterium
3 stains for acid fast
KinyounZiehl-NeelsenFluorochrome
Primary stain, decolorizer, and counterstain in Kinyoun and Ziehl-Neelsen stains
Primary: carbolfuchsinDecolorizer: acid alcoholCounter: Methylene blue
Primary stain, decolorizer, and counterstain in Fluorochrome stain for acid fast
Primary: Auramine-rhodaminedecolorizer: acid alcoholCounter: potassium permanganate
Color of AFB on Kinyoun and Ziehl-Neelsen
red rods, blue backgroud
Which acid fast stain requires heat
Ziehl-Neelson
Which acid fast stain requires cold
Kinyoun
Diagnostic test and source for M.leprae
acid fast tissue
Hansens disease is also called
Leprosy
Macrophages w/acid fast bacilli
lepra cells
Lumpy jaw cause
A.israelii
Actinomyces israeli is ana or aero
anaerobic
GNR not NF, swimmers ear, Motile, grape like odorOxidase pos, cat pos
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
GNR bacterial diarrhea, seagulls, darting corkskrew motility
Campybacterjejuni
GNR ulcers, urea breath test
Helicobacter pylori
GNR TCBS, rice water stools, motile, comma shaped
Vibrio cholerae
GNCB upper respiratory, CHOC, can have capsules
H.influenze
Haemophilus pink eye
aegyptius
Haemophilus STD,chancroid, bipolar, schools of fish
ducreyi
Haemophilus that require both X and V
influenze, aegyptius
Haemophilus that requires only X (hemin)
ducreyi
H.parahaemolyticus and parainfluenzae requires which factor
V
GNR cause of trench fever, cat scratch disease
Bartonella
GNCB obligate intracellular parasiteinhalation; with undulant fever, unpasterized milk, animals, bioterrism
Brucella
GNCB tularemia/rabbit fever, level 3 pathogen
Francisella
GNR from air conditioners, Pontiact fever, BCYE (needs cytsteine)
Legionella
GNCB Pasterurella that is caused by bite/scratch, musty odor
multocida
Legionella that is brown on Feeley-Gorman rion cysteine agar
L.pneumophila
String test, positive result looks like
If the result is positive, the bacterial cells will be lysed by the sodium deoxycholate or Sodium taurocholate, the suspension will lose turbidity, and DNA will be released from the lysed cells causing the mixture to become viscous. A mucoid “string” is formed when an inoculating loop is drawn slowly away from the suspension.
String test diff these three genuses and also diff these two species
Vibrio spp. from Aeromonas spp. and Plesiomonas shigelloides.Vibrio cholerae (string test positive) from other Vibrio spp. (string test negative).
Vibrio that is yellow on TCBS, string test pos
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrios that are green on TCBS and cause bacteremia
parahemolyticus, vulnificus
The only Brucella that is basic fuchin pos
suis (pigs)
suis is fuchin pos
Brucella that is fuchin pos
The only Brucella that is thionin neg
abortus (cow)
abortus thionin neg
Brucella that is thionin neg
The only Brucella that is H2S neg
melentensis (goat)
melentensis doesn’t H2S
Brucella that doesn’t producte H2S
Bordetella that is urease positive, oxidase positive
bronchiseptica
GN bipolar, plague, fleas/rats, safety pin
Yersenia pestis
HACEKMost HACEK are capnophilic, mouth flora, pathogenic in immunocompromised
HaemophilusActinobacillusCardiobacterium hominisEikenella corodensKingella kingae
Campylobacter is best in what atmospheric condition
obligate microaerophilliclikes chickens, 42C
obligate microaerophilliccurved GN rodgull wingedlikes monstly N
Campy
Campy gas mixture %O, CO2, N
5% O210% CO285% N2
curved GNR nonferment, microaerophillic, nitrate pos
C.jejuni
How to stain mycoplasma and ureaplasma
Dienes stain
Two genus of bacteria that are the smallest free living and have no cell wall
Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma
Cause of primary atypical pneumonia, walking pneumonia
M.pneumoniae
Which free living microbe has fried egg appearance
M.pneumoniea
How to stain and how to visiualize T.pallidum
silverdarkfield
Cause of syphilis
Treponoma pallidum
How is leptospira passed to humans
via animal urine
Borrelia that causes relapsing fever
B.reccurentis
Cause of Lyme diseasetransmitted by
B.burgdorferiIxodes ticks
Chlamydiaceae, Rickettsia, Coxiella, and Ehrlichia all are
obligate intracellular parasites
Chlamydiaceae have no…in their cell walland are stained with…
peptidoglycanGiesma
Chlamydia species STD
trachomatis
Chlamydia with parrot fever
psittaci
Chlamydia ass. w/Guillian Barre and grown on HELA cells
pneumoniae
Test that uses Proteus OX antigens to detech rickettsial antibody
Weil Felix
5 Rickettsiae conditions
Rickettsial poxRocky Mt. Spotted FeverQ and murine fever Typhus fever
Q Fever is actually caused by this rickettsiael organism
Coxiella burnetti
PRAS
pre reduced anaerobically sterilizedmedia
Classic principle of anaerobic culture
Jar tech, palladium pelletsH2/CO2 w/waterindicators
GPR with double zone of beta, box car, gas gangrene, food
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium that doesn’t usually have spores
C.perfringens
Naegler test on egg yolk agar used for
C.perfringens
Molar tooth, lumpy jaw GPR anarobe
Actinomyces israelii
Acceptable Anaerobic specimens
BF, Blood, Bile, BMasipirate, woundBiopsy, tissue
Unacceptable anaerobic specimens
swabssputum, washings, gastricvoided, catheterized urinefeces
Anaerobe that forms black, dark halos on BBE due to esculin hydrolysis
Bacteroides fragilis
Ideal atmosphere for anaerobes
80-90% N10% CO25%H
QC for anaerobes
O2 is color, white colorless no O2
Finegoldia magna, Peptostreptococcus, Peptoniphilus all are what kind of microbes
anaerobic GPC
Anaerobic GPR with molar tooth, affects brain/facw
Actinomyces
Two clostridium that have oval subterminal spores
botulinumdifficile
Clostridium doesn’t have spores
perfringens
Clostridium with round terminal spore
ramosum
Anaerobic GPR antibiotic ass. diarrhea
C.difficile
Anaerobic GPR NF skin, acne
Propionibacterium
Anaerobic GPR NF mouth/female genital, lactic acid/pH
Lactobacillus
Anaerobic GNCNF upper, red flouresnce
Veillonella
Anaerobic GNR lung infection, tapered, fluoresence chartreuse/green yellow
Fusobacterium
Anaerobic GNR head,neck flurousence brick red
Prevotella
3 nonmotile
Shigella, KlebsiellaB.antracis (rest bacillus are motile)
Tuft of flagela at polar end
Lophitrichous
Uniform flagella over body
Petitrichous
Amphitrichous
Flagella at both poles
Have capsules: Most are respiratory CKSHN
Crypto neoKleb pneumoS.pneumoH.influN.memin
3 stains for metachromatic granules, best oneMAN
Methylene blue bestAlbertNeisser
Forms of sterilization
Autoclave 121, 15, 15Filtration Boiling Fractionalization Dry heatEthylene oxide gas
Gram stain ingredients
Crystal violetIodineEthyl alcohol Safranin
Ziel/kinyoun stain ingredients
Carbol fushin/phenolHCl/alcoholMethylene blue
Naso swabs used for these two
H.influN.mening
Urine cultureProcess time…Loop size, multiply by…Sig CFU…
1hr, 24hr fridge0.001ml, x1000>100,000 sig
Sputum stain, best sample req
Gram<10 epi, >25 PMN/lpf
ChromagarOxacillin, Cefoxitin used for
MRSA
Diff microccous from Strep
CatalaseMicrococcus cat pos
Staph epi from s.sapro
Novobiocin susceptible
Bacitracin susceptible PYR pos
GAS
Oxiase positive PVNM-CH
PseudomonasVibrio chNeisseriaM.cattCampyHeli,Haemo
Genital cultureTransport with these 2, AtCulture w/in, on
Transport modified Stuart’s or Amies charcoal at RTCulture with in 12hrs on JEMBEC
Agar melts at, solidify at
Melts 100Solidify 45-50
Four ingredients in modified TMVCN, TL
VancomycinColistinNystatinTrimethoprim Lactate
Nitrocefin is a…Used to detect…Turns..
Chromogenic cephalosporinDetect cleavage of beta lactam ringRed
X factorV factor
X Hemin V NAD
Needs X,Vsatelitte phenomkidsmeningitis,epiglotitis
H.influe
Diff L.mono from GrpB strep
L.mono is motile and catalase pos
Two microbes that are CAMP and hippyrate pos
GrpBL.mono
Salicin used to diff these two.. which one pos
L.mono from Corynebacterium L.mono salicin pos
GPR partially acid fast, beaded, branching, filamentous. Urease positive
Nocardia
Curved Gram negative rod, gull winged MicroaerophillicNeeds increased Nitrogen42C
Campylobacter
Campy reqAtmosphere, temp
Microaerophillic 85 N10 Co25 O42C
Aspects of enteriobacteriace
GNROxidase negativeCatalase posNitrate to nitriteMotile except for kleb,shig,yer Ferments glucose, acid
Selective media for S&S with bromthymol blue and acid fuchsin as indicators
HE
GPR, spores, nonmotileString of pearls w/penicillin, Medusa
B.anthracis
Urease +PUNCH
ProteusUreaplasmaNocardiaCrytoneo,CorynebacHelipylori
Media where Mercury droplets can be seen in B.pertussis
Bordet gengou
E.Coli IMViC
++–
Kleb IMViC
–++
Most common cause of UTI females
Ecoli
Selects with Crystal violet, bile salts….diff with lactose
MAC
Selects with eosin Y, methylene blue…diff w/sucrose and lactose
EMB
Selects with bile salts, diff lactose/sucrose/salicin and has H2S indicator
HE
What are clear and colorless on HE? What is clear with black dot?
Shigella clearsalmonella clear w/black dot
What color are NF from the intestine on HE
orange/pink
What is the H2S indicator in He, SS, and XLD
Sodium thisulfate
selects with brilliant green, biles salts and diff with lactose and H2S
SS
Selects witih bile salts, diff with lactose/surcrose/xylose and H2S
XLD
Two enterobact that produce H2S
Salmonella and proteus
Enterobactero DNase pos and red
Serratia
Deaminase pos and Rapid urease posPPM
ProteusProvidenciaMoroganella
PPM are all pos/have these two enzymesProteusProvidenciaMoroganella
deaminase, urease
Typhoid fever caused by
Salmonella typhi
Positive nitrate test is…confirm with…
Clearzinc powder
TSI yellow butt
glucose
Yellow slant
lactose or sucrose
A/A which sugars
slant: lactose and/or sucrosebutt: glucose
K/A
butt: glucose only
K/K
none
black butt
H2S
Which test needs trytophan and is called Kovacs reagent
Indole
Citrate tests for microbes that
use citrate for their sole source of carbon
Kleb is citrate…
posIMViC –++
E.coli is citrate
negIMViC++–
Indicator that tests the ability of microbes to make glucose and drop the pH
methyl red
EMB selects and diff these group of microbes
enterobactericae
EMB has lactose to diff, what color is E.colicolor of NLF
green, LFclear
Test that tests microbes ability to make acetone from glucose
Voges Proskauer
Voges Proskauer2 pos: K/E2 Neg: E.cY
Pos: Kleb, EnterobacNeg: E.coli, Yer
In PPA, phenylalanine is deaminated to…three PPA pos…PPM
phenylpyruvid acidProteusProvidenciaMorganella
Enzyme that breaks down aminos to amines (alkaline) w/limited glucosefirst ph turns yellowwhen decarboxylized alkaline amine turns purple
Decarboxylase
Aminos used in decarboxylase test
LysineArginineOrthinine
Positive nitrate reduction test changes what color and inidicates…
positive changes red, indicates has only nitrate reductase
Initial no color in negative nitrate reduction test indicates
No color may mean microbe has both or neither enzymes nitrate/nitrite reductase
How to confirm no color reaction in nitrate reduction test….red..no color..
add powered zinc, will catalyze nitrate to nitritered…has neither enzymeclear…has both nitrite/nitrate
To ferment lactose need these two enzymes
permease: brings into cellB-galactosidase: breaks down lactose
What are microbes called that lack permease but have B-galactosidase
slow lactose fermenters
Which test detects B-galactosidaseWhat does pos look like
ONPGit resembles lactosepos=yellow
Sodium deoxycholate is used in
String test for vibrio choloera
Test/medium that uses low peptone to allow visible acid production by oxidizers
OFoxidition fermentation medium
With OF medium, what color is fermenters…where is the color for oxidizers…
acid, yellowoxidziers only on top due to needing oxygen
What is the indicator in OF media
bromthymol blue
Clostridium spores:oval/sub: bot,diffround: ramnone: perf
Clostridium spores:oval/sub: bot,diffround: ramnone: perf
Obligate intracellular parasite w/anthropod vectorGNCB that resemble bacteriaWeil-Felix (proteus ag)PCR lab titer
Rickettsia
Coxiella Burretii
obligate intracellular parasiteQ feveraerosol from birth of infectedbioterrism
Two genus that have intracellular morulae in cells and transmitted by ticks
Ehrlichia chaffeensis:mono/neuAnaplasma phagocytophilum:grans
Lyme disease, bulls eye rashIxodes damminiserological
Borelia burgedorferi
obligate intra parasiteSTD:parrots:PCR
Chlamydiatrachomatispsittaci
D test
double diffusionD appearance due to flattened zone of inhibition, resistant to clindamycin
Disk diffusion req
agar 4.0mmMH 150mmno more than 12 disksno CO2pH 7.2-7.4Ca/Mg
Ingredient in McFarland
Barium Chloride
