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HAEMATOLOGY > [microcyticanaemias] > Flashcards

[microcyticanaemias] Flashcards

1
Q
A

Blood loss via menstruation

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2
Q
A

hookworm (GI bleeding)

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3
Q
A

coeliacs

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4
Q
A

koilonychia

angular stomatitis

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5
Q
A

poikilocytosis

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6
Q
A

anisocytosis

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7
Q
A

low (high TIBC)

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8
Q
A

lack of iron means the precursor to haem (protoporphyrin 9) associated with a zinc iron.

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9
Q
A

raised

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10
Q
A

ferritin

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11
Q
A

poor diet (rarely in adults)

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12
Q
A

history of menorrhagia

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13
Q
A

Ferrous sulphate (200mg PO)

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14
Q
A

diarrhoea/constipation
nausea
discomfort abdominal

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15
Q
A

until normal level reached. then for 3 months (replenish)

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16
Q
A

investigate GI loss (colonoscopy, barium enema, gastroscopy)

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17
Q
A

if hookworm ova suspected (tropics)

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18
Q
A

microcytic anaemia unresponsive to iron

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19
Q
A

sideroblasts with characteristic peri-nucleur ring of iron granules

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20
Q
A

iron deposition

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21
Q
A

increased

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22
Q
A

Pyridoxine

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23
Q
A

oral route not tolerated

functional iron deficiency (renal failure)

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24
Q
A

High

High

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25
Q
A

unmatched globin chains precipitating, damaging membranes and rupture in the marrow

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26
Q
A

beta-globin

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27
Q
A

B+/B+
B0/B0
B+/B0

where ‘B+’ is decreased and ‘B0’ is no beta-globin

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28
Q
A

HbA
HbA2
HbF

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29
Q
A

alpha2beta2

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30
Q
A

alpha2delta2

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31
Q
A

alpha2gamma2

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32
Q
A

trait aka minor

Alpha2:Bnormal/B+

33
Q
A

minor

34
Q
A

pregnancy

35
Q
A

increased (>3.5%)

36
Q
A

1st year

37
Q
A

failure to thrive
severe anaemia
extramedullary haematopoeisis (skull bossing)

38
Q
A

‘hair on end’ due to increased marrow activity

39
Q
A

MRI

40
Q
A

Iron deposition

41
Q
A 
MCV
FBC
Iron 
HbA2 (rises)
MRI
Film
Electrophoresis Hb
42
Q
A

Different variants of Hb (adult, fetal, A2)

43
Q
A

Deposition of iron

44
Q
A

MRI

45
Q
A

Transfusions
increased iron uptake in gut
haemolysis

46
Q
A

hepatosplenomegaly

47
Q
A

Hypochromic
Microcytic
Nucleated

48
Q
A

Abnormalities in Hb

49
Q
A

target

50
Q
A

Lifelong transfusions (every 2-4 weeks)

51
Q
A

2-4 weeks

52
Q
A

suppress abnormal bossing/extra-medullary growth

53
Q
A

> 90mg/L

54
Q
A

Siderosis/overload after 10 years

55
Q
A 
pancreas --> DM)
Cardiac (reduced exercise tolerance)
Hypothyroidism 
Hypocalcaemia
Hypogonadism
56
Q
A

Osteopenia

57
Q
A

Zoledronic acid

58
Q
A

bisphosphonate

Reduced osteoclastic activity

59
Q
A

not requiring transfusions

moderate anaemia

60
Q
A

b+/ and another haemoglobinopathy e.g. sickle cell

61
Q
A

healthy diet

fitness/exercise

62
Q
A

Folate

63
Q
A

deficiency due to reduced extreme demands by very active bone. Could progress to megaloblastic anaemia.

64
Q
A

Iron chelators

Deferiprone + desferrioxamie sc 2xweekly

65
Q
A

Deferiprone
+
desferrioxamie

SC
twice weekly

66
Q
A

Yersinia

67
Q
A

cataracts
retinal damage
deafness

68
Q
A

ascorbic acid

69
Q
A

persistent hypersplenism with increasing transfusion requirements

70
Q
A

5 years

71
Q
A

Bone marrow transplant

72
Q
A

deletion

73
Q
A

All 4 alpha genes deleted (a-a-/a-a-) therefore no alpha chains

74
Q
A

death in utero

75
Q
A

moderate anaemia

haemolysis

76
Q
A

Beta tetramers

77
Q
A

asymptomatic

78
Q
A

normal

79
Q
A

MCV reduced.

HAEMATOLOGY (25 decks)

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