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Microbiology and Hematology > Microbiology: Rickettsia > Flashcards

Microbiology: Rickettsia Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What type of organism is rickettsia?

A

obligate intracellular parasite of eukaryotes

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2
Q

How is rickettsia spread?

A

arthropod vectors

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3
Q

What do rickettsia infect?

A

endothelial cells of the vascular system

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4
Q

What happens when an animal has a rickettsia infection?

A

resulting inflammation causes local blockage and rupture of small blood vessels

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5
Q

What kind of disease is Rickettsia rickettsii?

A

zoonotic

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6
Q

What is Rickettsia rickettsii also known as?

A
  1. Tickborne typhus

2. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

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7
Q

What is the vector for Rickettsia rickettsii?

A

ticks

  • wood tick
  • dog tick
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8
Q

Where are these vectors found?

A

Western USA: wood tick

Eastern USA: dog tick

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9
Q

What is the reservoir for Rickettsia rickettsii?

A

dogs

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10
Q

Where is the US is Rickettsia rickettsii found?

A

all states

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11
Q

What states have the highest concentration of ticks? (aka the tick belt)

A
  • Maryland
  • Virginia
  • North Carolina
  • South Carolina
  • Georgia
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12
Q

How many ticks in the tick belt are infected?

A

50%

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13
Q

How many tick bites spread disease?

A

1-2%

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14
Q

What is the mortality rate in Montana?

A

90% if not treated

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15
Q

What is the mortality rate in other areas beside Montana?

A

5% if not treated

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16
Q

How long does it take for a tick to spread Rickettsia rickettsii?

A

4 hours

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17
Q

What are the human symptoms for Rickettsia rickettsii?

A
  • high fever, several days

- rash on the skin that starts on the palms and soles then spreads

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18
Q

How long does a human rash from Rickettsia rickettsii last?

A
  • duration of infection without treatment

- 2 weeks with treatment or when person dies

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19
Q

What are the canine symptoms for Rickettsia rickettsii?

A
  • high fever (105* F)
  • anorexia
  • cough
  • edema
  • petechial hemorrhage
  • altered mental state
  • retinal hemorrhage
20
Q

How is Rickettsia rickettsii prevented?

A

vaccine made from inactivated cells grown in chock embryo cell cultures

21
Q

What happens if a human or dog recovers from Rickettsia rickettsii?

A

permanent immunity

22
Q

What is Rickettsia prowazekii also known as?

A

typhus

23
Q

When is Rickettsia prowazekii a major epidemic disease?

A
  • during war-time
  • crowded and dirty conditions
  • Anne Frank died of typhus
24
Q

What are the reservoirs for Rickettsia prowazekii?

A

humans
eastern flying squirrel
lice

25
Q

How is Rickettsia prowazekii spread?

A

by squirrel fleas

26
Q

Humans can carry the organism Rickettsia prowazekii for years in a ______ infection. Then, get a milder form of the disease known as __________.

A
  1. latent

2. Brill’s Disease

27
Q

Why can people get a milder disease after carrying Rickettsia prowazekii for a period of time?

A

they will have partial immunity

28
Q

What is the most effective way to control Rickettsia prowazekii?

A

environmental prevention

29
Q

Who has access to a vaccine against Rickettsia prowazekii? (typhus)

A

military personnel

30
Q

What drugs are used to treat a Rickettsia prowazekii infection?

A
  • tetracycline

- chloramphenicol

31
Q

What is another name for Rickettsia typhi?

A

Endemic Murine Typhus

32
Q

What kind of disease can Rickettsia typhi cause?

A
  • zoonotic

- sporadic occurrence

33
Q

What is murine Latin for?

A

mouse

34
Q

Who are the common hosts for Rickettsia typhi?

A
  • rodents
  • rats
  • mice
35
Q

How is Rickettsia typhi transmitted?

A

rodent flea

36
Q

How is Rickettsia typhi similar to epidemic typhus?

A
  • similar symptoms

- less severe

37
Q

What drugs are used to treat Rickettsia typhi?

A
  1. tetracycline

2. chloramphenicol

38
Q

What is Rickettsia akari also known as?

A

Rickettsial Pox

39
Q

What kind of pathogen is Rickettsia akari?

A

zoonotic

40
Q

What is the reservoir for Rickettsia akari?

A

common house mouse

41
Q

How is Rickettsia akari spread?

A

infected mouse mites

42
Q

What does a flea bite from a flea infected with Rickettsia akari do to the body?

A
  • causes lesions at the site of the bite

- fevers and chills early on

43
Q

What happens 3-4 days after a Rickettsia akari infection?

A

rash (pox) develops

44
Q

How can Rickettsia akari be controlled?

A

by controlling the rodent population

45
Q

What drugs are used to treat Rickettsia akari?

A
  • tetracycline

- chloramphenicol

Microbiology and Hematology (20 decks)

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