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Microbiology and Hematology > Microbiology Lab Practical > Flashcards

Microbiology Lab Practical Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Body Temp?

A

37° F

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2
Q

What is Room Temp?

A

25°F

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3
Q

What is a broth?

A

a fluid medium for bacterial growth

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4
Q

What is an agar?

A

a solid gel-like form in a plate for bacteria to grow on

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5
Q

What is an agar deep?

A

a solid agar material in a tube

no slant

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6
Q

What is an agar slant?

A

a solid agar material in a tube made at a slant in a tube

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7
Q

What is aseptic technique?

A

aseptically transfer bacteria from one source to another without breaking sterility

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8
Q

What is a gram stain?

A

a series of stains that has a specific order and has specific amounts of time for each stain

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9
Q

What stains do you use in a gram stain?

A
  1. Crystal Violet
  2. Grams Iodine
  3. Acetone
  4. Safranin Red
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10
Q

What does a gram stain tell you?

A
  1. morphology
  2. G +/-
  3. arrangement
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11
Q

What is a negative stain?

A
  • use India ink

- only stain you don’t heat fix

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12
Q

What does a negative stain tell you?

A

morphology only

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13
Q

What stains are used in an endospore stain?

A
  1. Malachite Green
  2. Alcohol
  3. Safranin Red
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14
Q

What does an endospore stain tell you?

A

helps determine whether bacteria is a spore-forming bacteria or not

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15
Q

What type of bacteria G +/- are endospores usually?

A

G (+) rod

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16
Q

What is a capsule stain used for?

A

can see if the bacteria has a capsule or not

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17
Q

What stain do you use in a capsule stain?

A

India ink

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18
Q

What is a counterstain?

A

a stain meant to help make something else stand out better

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19
Q

What does gram variable mean?

A
  • both G(+) and G(-)
  • pink G(-)
  • blue G(+)
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20
Q

What is an acid fast stain used for?

A

good for bacteria that has a lipid (fatty) cell wall which can be difficult to stain

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21
Q

What is selective media?

A

allows growth of specific organism

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22
Q

What are differential media?

A

used to distinguish one organism from another

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23
Q

What is a lawn of bacteria?

A

creating a solid sheet of bacteria on a plate

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24
Q

What does bacteriostatic mean?

A
  • stops the growth of bacteria

- doesn’t kill bacteria

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25
Q

Where is the bacteriostatic range on a plate with antibiotics?

A

the edge of the circle where an antibiotic has killed bacteria

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26
Q

What does bactericidal mean?

A

kills bacteria

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27
Q

Where is the bactericidal range on a plate with antibiotics?

A

ring around the antibiotics where there is no bacterial growth

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28
Q

How can you measure the bactericidal range?

A
  • with a ruler

- in mm

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29
Q

What is serial dilution used for?

A

to dilute one ml of a sample to grow countable number of colonies

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30
Q

What is a vegetative cell?

A

an inactive cell

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31
Q

What is an endospore?

A

a vegetative cell that can form a spore

32
Q

What is an obligate aerobe?

A

needs oxygen to survive

33
Q

What is an obligate anaerobe?

A

can’t survive in oxygen

34
Q

What is a facultative anaerobe?

A
  • can live with or without oxygen

- prefers oxygen

35
Q

What is a bacterial capsule?

A

a thick glycocalyx shell around a bacteria

36
Q

What does an alpha hemolysis do?

A
  • partial hemolysis

- hazy halo around growth

37
Q

What does a beta hemolysis do?

A
  • complete hemolysis

- clear halo around growth

38
Q

What does a gamma hemolysis do?

A
  • no hemolysis

- grows on top of agar

39
Q

What is a catalase test used for?

A

Designed to detect bacterial respiration producing the “catalase” enzyme

40
Q

What does a positive catalase test look like?

A

will have bubbles

41
Q

What is an oxidase test used for?

A

Designed to detect bacterial respiration producing the enzyme “cytochrome oxidase”

42
Q

What does a positive oxidase test look like?

A

will turn purple

43
Q

What is a bromcrestol slant used for?

A

Determines if bacteria can utilize glucose for nutrient growth

44
Q

What does a positive bromcrestol slant look like?

A

will turn yellow

45
Q

What are phenyl red glucose, sucrose, and lactose tests used for?

A
  • Determine if bacteria can utilize the carbohydrate glucose, lactose, or sucrose
  • Has a “durham” tube to show whether or not bacteria is growing because gas will be produced
46
Q

What does a positive phenyl red glucose, sucrose, and lactose test look like?

A
  • will turn yellow from red

- durham tube will have a gas bubble if bacterial growth

47
Q

What is a simmons citrate agar used for?

A

Determines if the bacteria can utilize sodium citrate (carbon) as a source for survival

48
Q

What does a positive simmons citrate test look like?

A

will turn brilliant blue

49
Q

What is a urea agar test used for?

A

Determines if bacteria contains an enzyme called “urease”

50
Q

What does a positive urea agar test look like?

A

color will change to a brilliant pink

51
Q

What is a MRVP broth made up of?

A
  1. MR: methyl red

2. VP: voges proskauer

52
Q

What is a Methyl Red (MR) used for?

A

Reagent designed to detect organisms that can overcome a phosphate buffer and can lower the pH of an environment

53
Q

What does a positive Methyl Red (MR) test look like?

A

turns very red

54
Q

What is a voges proskauer test used for?

A

Reagent designed to detect bacterial fermentation that produces “acetoin”

55
Q

What does a positive voges proskauer test look like?

A

will have a really dark ring of red-brown at the top of the tube

56
Q

What does a sims tube test used for?

A

Provides ability to determine 3 characteristics of a single bacteria

57
Q

What does a positive sims test look like?

A

Indole: red section at top of tube
Motility: cloudy agar
Sulfur: black

58
Q

What is a TSA plate used for?

A

everything, anything

59
Q

What is a glucose min. salt plate used for?

A

salt and sugar loving bacteria

60
Q

What does a glucose min. salt plate promote?

A

G(-)

61
Q

What does an EMB plate promote?

A

G(-)

62
Q

What does an EMB plate inhibit?

A

G(+)

63
Q

What does a PEA plate inhibit?

A

G(-)

64
Q

What does a PEA plate promote?

A

G(+)

65
Q

What does an Endo plate promote?

A

G(-)

66
Q

What does an Endo plate inhibit?

A

G(+)

67
Q

What is a mannitol salt plate used for?

A

salt loving bacteria

68
Q

What does a MacConkey plate inhibit?

A

G(+)

69
Q

What does a MacConkey plate promote?

A

G(-)

70
Q

What plates have lactose?

A
  1. EMB
  2. Endo
  3. MacConkey
71
Q

What plates can grow/show coliforms?

A
  1. EMB
  2. Endo
  3. MacConkey
72
Q

Does E. coli and/or S. aureus grow in a 2% salt solution?

A

both

73
Q

Does E. coli and/or S. aureus grow in a 5% salt solution?

A

S. aureus

74
Q

Does E. coli and/or S. aureus grow in a 8% salt solution?

A

S. aureus

75
Q

Does E. coli and/or S. aureus grow in a 11% salt solution?

A

S. aureus

Microbiology and Hematology (20 decks)

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