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Microbiology and Hematology > Hematology: RBC Parasites > Flashcards

Hematology: RBC Parasites Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What kind of organism is Hemobartonella Felis?

A

Rickettsia

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2
Q

What is another name for Hemobartonella Felis?

A

Mycoplasma

Mycoplasma hemofelis

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3
Q

How common are Hemobartonella Felis in cats?

A

Relatively common

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4
Q

What type of parasite is Hemobartonella Felis?

A

Opportunistic parasite

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5
Q

What can lead to a Hemobartonella Felis infection?

A

Immunocompromise

FeLV

FIV

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6
Q

What conditions can be caused by Hemobartonella felis?

A

Feline Hemobartonellosis

Feline infectious anemia (FIA)

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7
Q

What does Hemobartonella Felis look like?

A
  • coccoid
  • rod
  • ring-like
  • dark purple
  • non-refractive on Diff-Quick
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8
Q

Where is Hemobartonella Felis located in the cell?

A

Outer edge of red blood cell

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9
Q

What is the PCV level during Hemobartonella Felis?

A

Below 15%

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10
Q

What does it mean if Hemobartonella Felis is cyclic?

A

If FIA suspected, blood smears should be examined several times before infection is ruled out

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11
Q

What happens when Hemobartonella Felis is being treated?

A

Disappears rapidly after treatment is initiated but may not be cured

  • tetracycline
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12
Q

What should be done when Hemobartonella Felis is diagnosed?

A

Should check for underlying cause of immunosuppression

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13
Q

What type of organism is Hemobartonella canis?

A

Rickettsia

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14
Q

How common is Hemobartonella canis?

A

Rare disease

Usually only seen in splenectomized or immunosuppressed dogs

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15
Q

What does Hemobartonella canis look like?

A
  • cocci
  • rod
  • stretches red blood cell surface
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16
Q

What type of organism is Anaplasma marginale?

A

Rickettsia

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17
Q

What is Anaplasma marginale?

A

Intracellular parasites of cattle red blood cells

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18
Q

What is the condition caused by Anaplasma marginale?

A

Anaplasmosis

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19
Q

What do Anaplasma marginale look like?

A

Dark staining cocci at margin of red blood cell

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20
Q

What are Anaplasma marginale confused with?

A

Howell Jolly body

Precipitated stain

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21
Q

What type of organism is Cytauxzoon felis?

A

Protozoa

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22
Q

How common is Cytauxzoon felis?

A

Very rare

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23
Q

What does Cytauxzoon felis cause?

A

Hemolytic anemia in cats

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24
Q

What do Cytauxzoon felis look like?

A

Small a regular ring forms within RBC, lymphs, macrophages

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25
Q

What are the Babesia species found in cattle?

A

B. bigemina

B. bovis

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26
Q

What are the Babesia species found in horses?

A

B. equi

B. cabali

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27
Q

What species of Babesia is found in dogs?

A

B. canis

B. gibsoni

28
Q

What does Babesia cause?

A

Babesiosis

29
Q

What does Babesia look like?

A

Large teardrop or ring-shaped intracellular structures

Frequently seen in pairs

30
Q

What type of organism are Ehrlichia spp.?

A

Rickettsia

31
Q

What does Ehrlichia canis cause?

A

Canine ehrlichiosis

32
Q

What does Ehrlichia equi cause?

A

Equine ehrlichiosis

33
Q

What are Ehrlichia spp.?

A

Intracellular parasites of monocytes and neutrophils

34
Q

What do Ehrlichia spp. look like?

A

Small cluster in cytoplasm

35
Q

What are the signs of a Ehrlichia spp. infection?

A

Decreased neutrophils

Decreased platelets

Anemia

36
Q

What is the vector for Ehrlichia spp.?

A

Brown dog tick

37
Q

What type of organism is Dirofilaria immitis?

A

nematode

38
Q

What does Dirofilaria immitis cause?

A

heartworm

39
Q

What is the most important parasite of the vascular system?

A

Dirofilaria immitis

heartworm

40
Q

What is the vector for Dirofilaria immitis?

A

mosquitos

41
Q

What has to be present in order for there to be circulating microfilaria?
(Dirofilaria immitis)

A

both male and female adults

42
Q

Where in the blood smear are Dirofilaria immitis seen?

A

feathered edge

43
Q

What timeof the day are microfilaria seen in the blood? What time are they not seen?
(Dirofilaria immitis)

A

Most: 4:30pm
Least: 11:00am

44
Q

What can Dirofilaria immitis be confused with?

A

Dipetalonema reconditum

45
Q

What is the new name for Dipetalonema reconditum?

A

acanthocheilonema reconditum

46
Q

Where are Dipetalonema reconditum seen?

A

adults in SQ tissues and fat

47
Q

Why is it important to tell the difference between Dipetalonema reconditum and Dirofilaria immitis?

A

treatment for heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) is stressful and unnecessary for Dipetalonema

48
Q

How can you differentiate Dipetalonema reconditum and Dirofilaria immitis?

A
  • body length
  • shape of body
  • shape of cranial and caudal ends
49
Q

What does Dipetalonema reconditum look like?

A

Body Shape: curved
Length: shorter
Cranial End: blunt
Caudal End: curved or hooked

50
Q

What does Dirofilaria immitis look like?

A

Body Shape: straight
Length: longer
Cranial End: tapered
Caudal End: straight

51
Q

What is polycythemia?

A

increase number of RBC

52
Q

What can cause relative polycythemia?

A

dehydration

53
Q

What are the causes of dehydration?

A
  1. sick animals - decrease water intake

2. excessive loss of fluids

54
Q

What causes an animal to have excessive loss of fluids?

A
  1. diarrhea
  2. vomiting
  3. polyuria
  4. sweating in horses
55
Q

What will the TP and PCV look like in relative polycythemia?

A

TP: will be higher than normal
PCV: 60-70% (not >70%)

56
Q

How do you correct relative polycythemia?

A

reverts to normal as dehydration is corrected

57
Q

What is the TP and PCV of primary polycythemia?

A

when the PCV is greater than 70%

- TP will be normal

58
Q

What can be caused by primary polycythemia?

A
  1. Congestion, cyanosis

2. Myeloproliferative disorder

59
Q

What is congestion/cyanosis?

A
  • blue mucous membranes
  • caused by sluggish flow
  • increased blood viscosity, decreased cardiac output
  • decreased blood flow, CNS signs
60
Q

What does myeloproliferative disorder affect?

A

stem cell level from bone marrow

61
Q

In primary polycythemia, what is the lifespan of RBC?

A
  • lifespan of RBC is normal

- erythropoietin normal

62
Q

How common is primary polycythemia?

A

rare

usually results in death

63
Q

What is secondary polycythemia?

A

erythrocytosis

PCV: may be slightly high

64
Q

What causes secondary polycythemia?

A

due to erythropoietin increase in response to hypoxia

65
Q

How is secondary polycythemia resolved?

A

self-regulating: will return back to normal

66
Q

What organism is Dirofilaria immitis?

A

Nematode

Microbiology and Hematology (20 decks)

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