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Microbiology and Hematology > Hematology: RBC Parasites > Flashcards

Hematology: RBC Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of organism is Hemobartonella Felis?

A

Rickettsia

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2
Q

What is another name for Hemobartonella Felis?

A

Mycoplasma

Mycoplasma hemofelis

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3
Q

How common are Hemobartonella Felis in cats?

A

Relatively common

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4
Q

What type of parasite is Hemobartonella Felis?

A

Opportunistic parasite

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5
Q

What can lead to a Hemobartonella Felis infection?

A

Immunocompromise

FeLV

FIV

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6
Q

What conditions can be caused by Hemobartonella felis?

A

Feline Hemobartonellosis

Feline infectious anemia (FIA)

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7
Q

What does Hemobartonella Felis look like?

A
  • coccoid
  • rod
  • ring-like
  • dark purple
  • non-refractive on Diff-Quick
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8
Q

Where is Hemobartonella Felis located in the cell?

A

Outer edge of red blood cell

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9
Q

What is the PCV level during Hemobartonella Felis?

A

Below 15%

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10
Q

What does it mean if Hemobartonella Felis is cyclic?

A

If FIA suspected, blood smears should be examined several times before infection is ruled out

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11
Q

What happens when Hemobartonella Felis is being treated?

A

Disappears rapidly after treatment is initiated but may not be cured

  • tetracycline
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12
Q

What should be done when Hemobartonella Felis is diagnosed?

A

Should check for underlying cause of immunosuppression

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13
Q

What type of organism is Hemobartonella canis?

A

Rickettsia

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14
Q

How common is Hemobartonella canis?

A

Rare disease

Usually only seen in splenectomized or immunosuppressed dogs

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15
Q

What does Hemobartonella canis look like?

A
  • cocci
  • rod
  • stretches red blood cell surface
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16
Q

What type of organism is Anaplasma marginale?

A

Rickettsia

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17
Q

What is Anaplasma marginale?

A

Intracellular parasites of cattle red blood cells

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18
Q

What is the condition caused by Anaplasma marginale?

A

Anaplasmosis

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19
Q

What do Anaplasma marginale look like?

A

Dark staining cocci at margin of red blood cell

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20
Q

What are Anaplasma marginale confused with?

A

Howell Jolly body

Precipitated stain

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21
Q

What type of organism is Cytauxzoon felis?

A

Protozoa

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22
Q

How common is Cytauxzoon felis?

A

Very rare

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23
Q

What does Cytauxzoon felis cause?

A

Hemolytic anemia in cats

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24
Q

What do Cytauxzoon felis look like?

A

Small a regular ring forms within RBC, lymphs, macrophages

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25
What are the Babesia species found in cattle?
B. bigemina B. bovis
26
What are the Babesia species found in horses?
B. equi B. cabali
27
What species of Babesia is found in dogs?
B. canis B. gibsoni
28
What does Babesia cause?
Babesiosis
29
What does Babesia look like?
Large teardrop or ring-shaped intracellular structures Frequently seen in pairs
30
What type of organism are Ehrlichia spp.?
Rickettsia
31
What does Ehrlichia canis cause?
Canine ehrlichiosis
32
What does Ehrlichia equi cause?
Equine ehrlichiosis
33
What are Ehrlichia spp.?
Intracellular parasites of monocytes and neutrophils
34
What do Ehrlichia spp. look like?
Small cluster in cytoplasm
35
What are the signs of a Ehrlichia spp. infection?
Decreased neutrophils Decreased platelets Anemia
36
What is the vector for Ehrlichia spp.?
Brown dog tick
37
What type of organism is Dirofilaria immitis?
nematode
38
What does Dirofilaria immitis cause?
heartworm
39
What is the most important parasite of the vascular system?
Dirofilaria immitis | heartworm
40
What is the vector for Dirofilaria immitis?
mosquitos
41
What has to be present in order for there to be circulating microfilaria? (Dirofilaria immitis)
both male and female adults
42
Where in the blood smear are Dirofilaria immitis seen?
feathered edge
43
What timeof the day are microfilaria seen in the blood? What time are they not seen? (Dirofilaria immitis)
Most: 4:30pm Least: 11:00am
44
What can Dirofilaria immitis be confused with?
Dipetalonema reconditum
45
What is the new name for Dipetalonema reconditum?
acanthocheilonema reconditum
46
Where are Dipetalonema reconditum seen?
adults in SQ tissues and fat
47
Why is it important to tell the difference between Dipetalonema reconditum and Dirofilaria immitis?
treatment for heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) is stressful and unnecessary for Dipetalonema
48
How can you differentiate Dipetalonema reconditum and Dirofilaria immitis?
- body length - shape of body - shape of cranial and caudal ends
49
What does Dipetalonema reconditum look like?
Body Shape: curved Length: shorter Cranial End: blunt Caudal End: curved or hooked
50
What does Dirofilaria immitis look like?
Body Shape: straight Length: longer Cranial End: tapered Caudal End: straight
51
What is polycythemia?
increase number of RBC
52
What can cause relative polycythemia?
dehydration
53
What are the causes of dehydration?
1. sick animals - decrease water intake | 2. excessive loss of fluids
54
What causes an animal to have excessive loss of fluids?
1. diarrhea 2. vomiting 3. polyuria 4. sweating in horses
55
What will the TP and PCV look like in relative polycythemia?
TP: will be higher than normal PCV: 60-70% (not >70%)
56
How do you correct relative polycythemia?
reverts to normal as dehydration is corrected
57
What is the TP and PCV of primary polycythemia?
when the PCV is greater than 70% | - TP will be normal
58
What can be caused by primary polycythemia?
1. Congestion, cyanosis | 2. Myeloproliferative disorder
59
What is congestion/cyanosis?
- blue mucous membranes - caused by sluggish flow - increased blood viscosity, decreased cardiac output - decreased blood flow, CNS signs
60
What does myeloproliferative disorder affect?
stem cell level from bone marrow
61
In primary polycythemia, what is the lifespan of RBC?
- lifespan of RBC is normal | - erythropoietin normal
62
How common is primary polycythemia?
rare | usually results in death
63
What is secondary polycythemia?
erythrocytosis | PCV: may be slightly high
64
What causes secondary polycythemia?
due to erythropoietin increase in response to hypoxia
65
How is secondary polycythemia resolved?
self-regulating: will return back to normal
66
What organism is Dirofilaria immitis?
Nematode

Microbiology and Hematology (20 decks)

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