Hematology: Thrombocyte Abnormals Flashcards
What is an increase in thrombocytes called?
thrombocythemia
What is thrombocythemia?
hemorrhagic syndrome associated with marked increase of circulating platelets
What causes a thrombocyte increase?
- Myeloproliferative disorders - proliferation of megakaryocytes
- Megakaryocytic leukemia in cats and dogs
What are the symptoms of thrombocythemia?
- spontaneous hemorrhages
- G.I. bleeding
- splenomegaly
– Petechia
- petechial
What happens to the platelets during thrombocythemia?
Platelets are larger than normal and lose functioning ability
Bleeding may cease if platelet count is returned to ___________.
Normal
How do you treat thrombocythemia?
- irradiation of bone marrow
- chemotherapy
(Bone marrow transplant maybe necessary)
What is a decrease in thrombocytes called?
Thrombocytopenia
What happens during thrombocytopenia?
- Decreased production
- increased destruction or utilization
- abnormal distribution
- excessive loss
What is indicated to distinguish hypoproliferative vs. hyperdestruction?
Bone marrow aspirate
What are the causes of decreased platelet number and platelet production?
- hereditary
- acquired
- abnormal production
- excessive blood loss
What are the acquired causes for decreased platelet production?
- drug toxicity
- radiation
- protozoal infection
- viral infection
- rickettsial infection
What are the abnormal production causes for decreased platelet production?
- vitamin B 12 deficiency
- uremia
- aplastic anemia
- severe iron deficiency
What is utilization or destruction of thrombocytes caused by?
- immune mediated
- bacterial infection
- viral infection
- rickettsial infection
- drug induced
- anaphylaxis
- DIC
- microangiopathies
- acute infection
- hereditary
What does abnormal distribution of thrombocytes cause?
- splenomegaly
- hypothermia
