Microbiology Final Flashcards
ability to exist in more than one form
dimorphism
originally placed in the plant family. Smallest form of animal life - not plant life. A group of diverse and wide spread unicellular and multicellular organism (dimorphism). That lack chlorophyll and usually bear spores and appear filamentous.
Fungi (fungus)
(study of fungi) to include yeast or mole.
Mycology
Yeast is…
unicellular
Mold is…
multicellular
superficial fungal infections seen on the skin.
Dermatomycosis
Dermatomycosis causes what superficial infections of the skin?
ringworm (scalp) jock itch (genitalia)athlete’s foot (toes). most common
All of these 3 can cause these 3 fungal infections (jock itch, ringworm, athlete’s foot):
- Microsporum species2. Trichophyton species3. Epidermophyton species
Super infection (can be found within the body). You look at the genus name to determine the infection that it causes.
Systemic fungal infection
List the 5 Systemic fungal infections
- Coccidioides immitis 2. Histoplasma capsulatum3. Candida albicans4. Cryptococcus neoformans5. Pneumocystis jiroveci
causes coccidioidomycosis found in the lungs - a systemic fungal infection in man, transmitted through the air spots on the lungs, not to confuse with TB.
Coccidioides immitis
cause histoplasmosis (respiratory fungal infection).
Histoplasma capsulatum
causes candidiasis (thrush) vaginal thrush - a yeast infection
Candida albicans
causes crytococcosis, caused by pigeon droppings.
Cryptococcus neoformans
causes pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp).
Pneumocystis jiroveci
the smallest form of animal life
Protozoa
4 types of Protozoa
- Entamoeba histolytica 2. Plasmodium malariae 3. Toxoplasma gondii 4. Giardia lamblia
causes amoebiasis (amebic dysentery in the intestine).
Entamoeba histolytica
causes malaria which causes red blood cells destruction. Primary host is the monkey being bitten by the anopheles mosquito and the mosquito infecting man. Mode of transmission- indirect animal to person.
Plasmodium malariae
causes toxoplasmosis and affects the central nervous system. This can be transmitted by cats. (CNS)
Toxoplasma gondii
causes giardiasis (traveler’s diarrhea)
Giardia lamblia
study of viruses
Virology
Characteristics of viruses
- Smallest microorganism known to man that cannot be seen with the ordinary compound light microscope.2. Reproduce by replication.3. Contains either a SINGLE STRAND of DNA or RNA genetic structure, not both.4. Strict intracellular parasites and must obtain their food from living organic matter.5. Cannot be grown in a laboratory setting.6. Antibiotics have NO effect on them.
Important viral diseases by anatomical site
DermatropicPneumotropicNeurotropic central nervous system ViscerotropicImmunological viruses
characterized by the presence of a skin Rash
Dermatropic
8 Types of Dermatropic viruses
- Smallpox (Variola)2. Measles (Rubeola)3. German measles (Rubella)4. Chicken pox (Varicella)5. Shingles (Varicella zoster)6. Herpes simplex I7. Herpes simplex II8. HPV (Human Papilloma Virus)
most infectious and highest mortality rate (100% death) only historically significant and has been eliminated.
Smallpox (Variola)
10 day (regular), childhood infection. Koplik spots lesions inside the cheeks used to detect it.
Measles (Rubeola) (Also known as hard measles)
3 day measles not as severe for adults; however, can be spread placentally, leading to birth defects in the child or still birth. It has teratogen – the virus affinity for developing fetal tissue.
German measles (Rubella)
1st infection childhood infection can leave scars. 2nd infection can lead to shingles.
Chicken pox (Varicella)
2nd infection of chicken pox (Varicella) because true antibodies were not formed when contacting chicken pox. Painful infection follows the nerve endings, usually on back. To get shingles, you first have to be exposed to chickenpox; shingles are the second infection of the virus vircella.
Shingles (Varicella zoster)
found above the waist and causes cold sores and fever blisters.
Herpes simplex I
-found below the waist and is a sexually transmitted disease. Uterine cancer found in high correlation in women with this.
Herpes Simplex II
genital warts; dysplasia (benign tumor) pollups
HPV- Human Papilloma Virus
Enter the body through the upper respiratory tract (URI). These affect the ears, nose and throat (ENT). Three (3) basic strains: ABC, named for geographic location - Asia, Hong Kong, and Russia.
Pneumotropic
3 Types of Pneumotropic viruses
- Influenza - flu 2. Common Cold 3. Hantavirus - HPS