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Comps Sciences > Anatomy 1: The Final Material > Flashcards

Anatomy 1: The Final Material Flashcards

0
Q
  1. PROTECTION (rib cage, cranium, vertebrae)
  2. STORAGE AREA (99% of CA is stored in the bones)
  3. MOVEMENT (by means of tendons)
  4. SUPPORT ( framework were the soft tissues & bones attach themselves)
  5. HEMOPOESIS ( the formation of all cells in the blood)
A

Functions of the skeletal system

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1
Q

Osteology

A

The study of bones

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2
Q

Hemopoesis

A

The formation of all cells in the blood

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3
Q

Shape

Individual names

A

Bones are classified by…

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4
Q

206 in total, with the exception of 2:

A

How many bones make up the skeletal system?

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5
Q

Sutural (WORMIAN) bones
And
Sesamoid bones

A

Two bones not included in the 206 bones of the body

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6
Q

Sutural bones

A

“WORMIAN”

Are small irregular shaped bones that sometimes form along the line of fusion of the cranial bones

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7
Q

Sesamoid Bones

A

Any bone embedded in the tendon of a muscle

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8
Q
  1. Axial Skeleton

2. Appendicular Skeleton

A

Divisions of the skeleton

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9
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

Consists of 80 bones out of the 206 that make up the skeletal system

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10
Q

Skull

A

Consists of 28 bones of the 80 bones found in the axial skeleton

Houses the organs of sight and the brain

Part of the axial skeleton

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11
Q

Cranium

A

Consist of 8 distinct bones, that fuses together to protect the brain

Part of the skull

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12
Q

Face

A

Consists of 14 classified bones of the 80 bones of the AXIAL SKELETON

In the skull

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13
Q

Auditory Ossicles

A

“Ear Bones”

6 bones in total

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14
Q

Hyoid

A

Horseshoe shaped single bone located between the middle of the lower jaw and the voice box

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15
Q

Vertebrae

A

26 bones that make up the adult spinal column.

Houses the spinal cord

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16
Q

Sternum

A

“Breast Bone”

1 bone in total

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17
Q

Ribs

A

Consists of 24 individual bones
Or
12 pairs

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18
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

Consists of 126 of the 206 Bones that make up the skeletal system

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19
Q

Upper extremities & Pectoral Joint

appendages & shoulder joints

A

Consists of 64 bones

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20
Q

Lower extremities & Pelvic Girdle

appendages & hip joints

A

Consists of 62 bones

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21
Q

Frontal Bone

A

“Fore head bone”

1 bone

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22
Q

Supraorbital Margin

A

“Orbital Cavity”

Superior boundary of the eye sockets

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23
Q

Superciliary Arches

A

Prominent ridge off the frontal bone, located posterior to the eye brows or “supercillia”

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24
Q

Glabella

A

Slight elevation located at the medial ends of the superciliary arches.

Middle of the eye brows

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25
Q

Frontal eminences

A

Two rounded protuberances which give roundness and fullness to the forehead

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26
Q

Frontal air sinuses

A

Air spaces of the forehead

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27
Q

Parietal Bones

A

Forms the roof and sides of the cranial vault

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28
Q

Occipital Bone

A

Bone in which the brain stem passes

Base of the cranial vault

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29
Q

Foramen Magnum

A

Large opening on the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

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30
Q

Occipital Condyles

A

Two prominences off the occipital bone on both sides of the foramen magnum.

Only part of the skull that has direct contact with the spinal column.

Articulates with the 1st cervicle vertebrae

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31
Q

External Occipital Protuberance

A

“inion”
Single boney prominence on the base of the skull

Serves as a point of muscle attachment

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32
Q

Temporal Bones

A

Thickest bone in the left & right temple regions

Helps to form the sides if the cranial vault

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33
Q

Squamous Portion

A

“Squama”

Thin shell shaped upper portion of the temporal bone

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34
Q

Petrous Portion

A

Part of each temporal bone that projects into the cranial cavity

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35
Q

3 Auditory Ossicles

A

Malleus “HAMMER”

Incus “ANVIL”

Stapes “STIRRUP”

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36
Q

Carotid Canal

A

Passageways through each temporal bone through which the internal carotid arteries pass

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37
Q

Mastoid Portion - Air Cells

A

Massive part of the temporal bone located directly behind the ear

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38
Q

Mandibular Fossa

A

Two shallow depressions off the temporal bone through which the mandible or lower jaw articulates

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39
Q

External Auditory Meatus

A

Passageway through the temporal bone through which sound waves initially pass

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40
Q

Zygomatic Process

A

Is the boney projection off each temporal bone which goes anteriorly or to the front.

Forms the widest part of the face

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41
Q

Sphenoid Bone

A

Bat shaped bone inside the skull

Helps to form the middle cranial fossa

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42
Q

Stella Turcica

A

“Turkish Saddle”

Shallow depression in the sphenoid bone

Houses and protects the pituitary gland

43
Q

Sphenoid Air Sinuses

A

Air sinuses in the sphenoid bone

44
Q

Ethmoid Bone

A

Made up of 8 bones

Thin line inside the nose

Single thin and delicate bone of the cranium

Helps to form the boney structure of the nasal septum

45
Q

Cribriform Plate

A

The most superior horizontal portion of the ethmoid bone

Separates the 2 nasal cavities from the cranial cavity

46
Q

Crista Galli

A

Short vertical portion of the ethmoid bone that projects into the cranial cavity

47
Q

Perpendicular Plate

A

Long vertical portion located beneath the cribriform plate

48
Q

Ethmoid Air Sinuses

A

Air sinuses located in the ethmoid bone

49
Q

Nasal Bones

A

Two small rectangular bone of the face that forms the bridge of the nose

50
Q

Lacrimal Bones

A

“Eye Sockets”

Paired fingernail shaped bones of the face which forms the medial boundaries of the orbital cavities

51
Q

Vomer Bone

A

Single or unpaired bone of the face

Helps to form the the boney structure of the nasal septum

52
Q

Palatine Bones

A

2 “L” shaped bones of the face that helps to from the posterior portion of the hard palate

53
Q

Maxillary Process

A

The horizontal portion of each palatine bone which forms the posterior portion of the hard palate

54
Q

Zygomatic Bones

A

“Malar” of “Cheek Bones”

Makes up the lateral boundaries of the eye sockets

55
Q

Temporal processes

A

Boney projections of each zygomatic bone which runs posteriorly.

Unites with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.

Forms the zygomatic arch “the widest part of the face”

56
Q

Inferior nasal conchae

A

Most inferior part of the 3 pairs of conchaes

57
Q

Maxillae

A

“upper jaw”

2 bones that form the upper jaw

58
Q

Maxillary Air Sinuses

A

“Antrum of Highmore”

Air spaces in the upper jaw

59
Q

Alveolar Process

A

“Tooth sockets”

The spaces where the teeth are housed

60
Q

Palatine process

A

The horizontal part of the maxillae that forms the hard portion of the hard palate

61
Q

Mandible

A

“lower jaw”

Second example of of the impaired bone of the face

Only movable bone of the face

62
Q

Ramus

A

“camel shaped”

The vertical portion on both sides of the lower jaw

63
Q

Angle

A

Point at which each ramus unites with the body

64
Q

Mandible Body

A

The flat part of the lower jaw portion

The largest portion of the lower jaw

65
Q

Mental Protuberance

A

“chin”

Slight elevation on the front of the mandible

66
Q

Sternum

A

“breast bone”

Single bone of the rib cage

Serves as the anterior point of attachment for the first 10 pair of ribs

67
Q

Manubrium

A

Most superior segment of the breast bone

Characterized by 3 notches

68
Q

Sternum Body

A

Largest part of the sternum

69
Q

Zyphoid Process

A

“hangy down part”

Most inferior segment of the breast bone

70
Q

How many ribs are there?

A

12 pair

Or

24 individual

71
Q

True ribs

A

First 7 pairs of ribs directly attached to the costal cartilage and breast bone

72
Q

False ribs

A

Rib pairs 8-12 the costal cartilage IF PRESENT does not directly attach to the breast bone

73
Q

Floating ribs

A

Rib pairs 11-12 are the only ribs that do not have costal cartilage

74
Q

Clavicle

A

“collar bones”

2 medial ends attaches to the breast bone

The lateral ends attaches to the scapula

75
Q

Scapula

A

“shoulder bones”

Triangular shaped bone

76
Q

Humerus

A

“arm bone”

Only bone located between the shoulder and elbow bones

77
Q

Ulna

A

“forearm bone”

Largest and most medial bone of the forearm

78
Q

Olecranon process

Ole C. Ranon

A

“elbow”

Is the boney projection located off the proximal end of the ulna

79
Q

Radius

A

“forearm bone”

The most lateral bone and the smaller bone of the forearm

80
Q

Carpal bones

A

Bones making up the wrist

8 in each wrist, 16 in total

81
Q

Metacarpal bones

A

Bones located beyond the wrist bones

Makes up the palms of the hand

5 in each hand, 10 in total

82
Q

Phalanges

A

“fingers & toes”

14 in each finger and toes, 28 in total

83
Q

Os coxae

A

“hip bone”

3 separate bones

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis (pubic bone)

84
Q

Ilium

A

Largest and most superior segment of the is coxae

The two ^ ^ or the top of the butterfly wings

85
Q

Ischium

A

Most inferior segment of the os coxae

The two bottom butterfly wings

86
Q

Pubis

A

“pubic bone”

Most anterior bone in the os coxae

87
Q

Femur

A

“thigh bone”

The only bone found in the thigh region

Longest bone in the body

88
Q

Patella

A

“knee cap”

Largest and only classified sesamoid bone of the skeleton

89
Q

Tibia

A

“shin bone”

Largest and most medial bone in the leg

90
Q

Medial malleolus

A

Boney prominence off the distal end of the tibia

Inside ankle bone

91
Q

Fibula

A

Smaller and most lateral bone in the leg region

92
Q

Lateral malleolus

A

Boney projection off the distal end of the fibula

Outside ankle bone

93
Q

Tarsal Bones

A

“ankle bone”

7 present in each, 14 total

94
Q

Metatarsal bones

A

Bones located beyond the ankle bones

Make up the arch of the foot

5 in each, 10 total

95
Q

Arthrology

A

Treatment of joints

96
Q

Synthrosis

A

Totally immovable parts

97
Q

Cranial sutures

A

Skull fushions

98
Q

Arising from fontanels

A

Soft spots

99
Q

Sternocostal joint

A

Where the first 7 pair of costal cartilage joins the sternum

100
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Slightly moveable joint

101
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Band of connective tissues which joins the pubic joints

102
Q

Sacrosanct iliac articulation

A

Joint between the iliac and sacrum of the hip bone

103
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Freely movable joints

104
Q 
Cervical 
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral (sacrum-singular)
Coccygeal (coccyx-singular)
A

Types of vertebrae

105
Q 
Cervical - 7 always
Thoracic - 12 always
Lumbar - 5 always
Sacral - 5 then 1
Coccygeal - 4 then 1
A

Number of vertebrae

Comps Sciences (29 decks)

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