Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Comps Sciences > Microbiology Exam 1 > Flashcards

Microbiology Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

scientific study of MO’s and their effect on other living organisms (study of small life).

A

Microbiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MO stands for

A

Microorganism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Classification or naming of all living things

A

Taxonomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ability to exist in either one cell or multi cell form

A

DIMORPHISM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Study of external structure and form of organism without regard to its function
*generally indicated by the genus name of MO

A

Morphology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

white blood cell eating

A

Phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

likelihood disease causes infection to human of MO

A

Virulence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

DIVISIONS OF MICROBIOLOGY:

A
  1. BACTERIOLOGY
  2. RICKETTSIOLOGY
  3. VIROLOGY
  4. PROTOZOOLOGY
  5. MYCOLOGY
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Study of bacteria

A

BACTERIOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Study of Rickettsia (infection usually from bugs or insects)

A

RICKETTSIOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Study of viruses (smallest organisms known to man, that cannot be viewed by
compound microscope).

A

VIROLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Study of protozoa (smallest form of animal life – i.e. ameba)

A

PROTOZOOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Study of fungi (plural)or fungus (singular) (study of yeasts and mold)

A

MYCOLOGY –

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

fungi have the ability to exist in one cell or multi-cell form, called

A

DIMORPHISM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

7 Classification of Living Things

A

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

of all living things is always Capitalized.

A

Genus (name)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the lowest level classification of any living thing.

A

species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

is always in small letters.

A

species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

If the________ name does not tell us an _______ it causes, it will usually tell us a _____________

A

species
infection
laboratory characteristic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

grows in clusters ( yellow pus)

A

staph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

grows in chains

A

strept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What percentage of microorganisms are non-pathegentic

A

87%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What percentage can cause infection to man

A

13%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

most bacteria reproduce by binary fission ​(simple transverse division); an “A” sexual means

A

​Bacterial typical reproduction -​ .

​

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

bacteria lacks a true nucleous

A

prokaryotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

staph, strept

infection

A

bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

famous in humans for causing an infection called primary atypical pneumonia. No cell wall, smallest free living organism known to man. (SMALLEST FREE LIVING ORGANISM).

A

mycoplasmas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

febrile infections mostly spread by insects, e.g., typhus fever.
The infection accompanying these is high fever and last a longer period of time. Flea born or rat, also transmitted by louse or lice. (Sr. Anthony Ricketts).

A

Rickettsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Strict parasite, smaller than bacteria but larger than viruses. Transmitted by seedling birds. NGU – non gonococcal urethritis

A

Chlamydia - parrot fever, NGU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

smallest microorganism known to man. Measles, mumps, flu, hepatitis, smallpox.

A

viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

smallest form of animal life - malaria, amebic dysentery

A

protozoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

yeast and molds; athlete’s foot, thrush, PCP.

Ability to exist in more than one form – unicellular or multicellular

A

fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

a small protein like infectious particle

that is resistant to most procedures that modify nucleic acids. Syndrome – set of signs associated with disease.

A

Prion - creutzfeldt - Jakob (CJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Of the eight (8) different families or groups of microorganisms that are a major health importance, which cause the greatest majority of infection in man

A

bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

8 different families or groups of microorganisms of major health importance

A 
Bacteria
Mycoplasmas
Rickettsia
Chlamydia
Viruses
Protozoa
Fungi
Prion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What does non pathogenic mean?

A

do not cause infection in humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

study of external structure and form of any organism without regard to its function.

A

morphology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

largest unit of measurement

A

micron

25,000th of an inch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

smallest unit of measurement

A

angstrom

2.5 millionth of an inch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

medium unit of measurement

A

nanometer

250,000th of an inch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

How many main shapes of bacteria are there?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

a single spherical (round) shaped bacteria.

A

coccus (singular)

Cocci-two or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

a single rod (capsule) shaped bacteria.

A

bacillus (singular)

Bacilli - two or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

a spiral shaped bacteria.

A

spirillum (singular)

Spirilla two or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

comma shaped spirillum bacteria

A

Vibrio

Example: Cholera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

corkscrew shaped bacteria

A

Spirochete

Example: Syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

pairs - a variation of round shaped bacteria

A

Diplococci

47
Q

grows in clusters of round shaped bacteria - like grapes

A

Staphylococci

48
Q

grow together in chains

A

Streptobacilli

49
Q

the outermost layer which gives shape and integrity (strength) to bacteria; its makeup used to differ among microorganisms; e.g. high lipid (fat) for TB; protein in gram stain (blue if yes, red if no). This test shows if there is protein in the bacteria of TB

A

cell wall

50
Q

a thinner, inner layer; controls entry and exit into the bacteria. Regulate entry / exit of food

A

cell membrane

51
Q

any living substance present in the cell

A

cytoplasm

52
Q

This Jelly like material is located around the outside of certain bacteria.. It protects it against a natural process of the body, phagocytosis. Thus enhancing virulence of M.O.

A

capsule (slime layer)

53
Q

when the body attempts to destroy anything foreign, this is known as

A

phagocytosis

54
Q

surrounds, ingests and destroys anything foreign. A natural process which your body attempts to accomplish. An attempt to try to protect your body against anything foreign. Thus any organism that invades your body and has a slime capsule is more likely to cause infection because of the slime structure. It will take the bodies white blood cells longer to defend against the organism.

A

phagocytosis

cell ingestion

55
Q

the likelihood an organism will cause infection in man. The presence of a slime layer will enhance the likelihood the bacteria will cause infection. Relative power to produce a disease.

A

virulence

56
Q

located on outside of certain bacteria; protects cells from phagocytosis, thus enhancing virulence of the microorganisms

A

capsule

slime layer

57
Q

best means of protection any microorganism can possess; not a means of reproduction; only one per cell, when formed; Bacillus and Clostridium only two bacteria that could form spores.

A

Endospore - (Inside)

58
Q

only two bacteria that could form spores

A

Bacillus and Clostridium

59
Q
  • grows in the presence of oxygen
A

Bacillus aerobic

60
Q
  • grows without the presence of oxygen.
A

Clostridium anaerobic

61
Q

aureus is to what…

A

Staphylococcus

62
Q

any bacteria that could never form endospores, or any bacteria that can produce endospores, but currently is not producing them. Never form endospores, a bacteria that does not have a genus name

A

vegetative bacteria

63
Q

any bacteria currently producing endospores. This occurs only under adverse living conditions of the bacteria. Never more than one spore at a time.

A

sporulating bacteria

64
Q

when a free endospore forms new vegetative cells when good living conditions return

A

germinating bacteria

65
Q

used for movement of bacteria; long, whip like structures attached to the outside of the cell. There are many variations as to how many and where they are located. (e.g. monotrichous and peritrichous) Move to another food source or away from the enemy.

A

flagella

66
Q

One (long single) whip like structure

A

Monotrichous

67
Q

Several whip like structures

A

Peritrichous

68
Q

shorter than Flagella and used to aid in attachment of an organism to the site of infection; e.g. Gonorrhea.

A

Pili

“Little Hairs”

69
Q

This means a MUST behavior

A

Strict or obligate

70
Q

staph, strept. Infection.

A

Bacteria

71
Q

famous in humans for causing an infection called primary atypical pneumonia. No cell wall, smallest free living organism known to man. (SMALLEST FREE LIVING ORGANISM).

A

Mycoplasmas

72
Q

febrile infections mostly spread by insects, e.g., typhus fever.
The infection accompanying these is high fever and last a longer period of time. Flea born or rat, also transmitted by louse or lice. (

A

Rickettsia

73
Q

Who is rickettsia named after?

A

Sr. Anthony Ricketts

74
Q

parrot fever, NGU. Strict parasite, smaller than bacteria but larger than viruses. Transmitted by seedling birds. NGU – non gonococcal urethritis

A

Chlamydia

75
Q
  • smallest microorganism known to man. That can not be seen with the ordinary compound microscope.
    Ex: Measles, mumps, flu, hepatitis, smallpox.
A

Viruses

76
Q

smallest form of animal life - malaria, amebic dysentery.

A

Protozoa

77
Q

yeast and molds; athlete’s foot, thrush, PCP.

Ability to exist in more than one form – unicellular or multicellular

A

Fungi

78
Q
  • It tells about the morphology - the external structure or form.
A

Genus

79
Q

*It will tell one of the names an infection will cause.

A

species

80
Q

Name for any living thing will ALWAYS be what???

A

CAPITALIZED

81
Q

Smallest FREE living organism

A

Mycoplasmas

82
Q

pneumoniae is to what…

A

Streptococcus

83
Q

meningitidis is to what…

A

Neisseria

84
Q

typhi is to what…

A

Salmonella

85
Q

influenzae is to…

A

Hemophilus

86
Q

Endospore formation only happens under…

A

Adverse conditions

87
Q

Also known as cell injestion

A

Phagocytosis

88
Q

Pus indicates that…

A

Infection is still present

89
Q
  • a visible growth of bacteria growing on a culture medium ​(nutrient, broth, blood agar).
A

Bacterial colony

90
Q
  • the material you attempt to grow bacteria…. Nutrient, broth, ​blood agar.
A

Medium

​

91
Q
  • to grow in a laboratory setting bacteria in a medium of nutrient, ​broth, ​or blood agar.
A

Culture

92
Q
  • all bacteria - pathogens are so classified and must have a source of carbon. Bacteria that obtain their food from inorganic matter. They manufacture their own carbon.
A

Autotrophic bacteria

93
Q
  • all organisms that cause​infection in man are classified as heterotrophic and obtain their food from organic matter - food that contains carbon. Humans contain carbon - glucose.
A

Heterotrophic bacteria

94
Q

a must behavior - a bacteria that ​must obtain its food from dead organic matter.

A

Strict or (obligate) saprophytes

95
Q
  • must obtain their food from ​living organic matter. viruses.

​

A

Strict or (obligate) parasites

96
Q
  • bacteria that can obtain their food from ​dead or living organic matter.
A

Facultative bacteria

97
Q

bacteria that must have presence of oxygen to live.

A

Strict (obligate) aerobes -

​

98
Q

bacteria that must have absence of oxygen to live.

A

Strict (obligate) anaerobes -

​

99
Q

bacteria that must have the presence of oxygen to live, but at a level less than that required of humans

A

​Microaerophiles

100
Q

bacteria that can live in the presence or absence of oxygen.

A

​Facultative bacteria

101
Q

Excess water

A

​Edema

​

102
Q

loss of water

A

Dehydration

103
Q

pH stands for…

A

percentage of HYDROGEN ion in solution

104
Q

Any reading above 7 is…

A

​slightly alkaline for most pathogens.

105
Q

The living human body’s pH is…

A

7.4 slightly alkaline.

​

106
Q

Pathogens are slightly…

A

alkaline

107
Q

The only normal pH is…

A

Water

108
Q

The pH of milk is about…

A

13

109
Q

The pH of blood is about…

A

7.3-7.4

110
Q

The pH of a body that is stiff as a board is…

A

5 (slightly acidic)

111
Q

Battery acid pH is…

A

1 (highly acidic)

112
Q

The higher alkaline the more…

A

Bitter the taste

113
Q

Smallest form of animal life

A

Protozoa

114
Q

In regards to BACTERIA…if there are two or more the answer ends with a…

A

Vowel

Comps Sciences (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions