Embalming 1 Quarter Final Flashcards
What does Embalming literally mean?
Em- In, or About
Balm- Resinous substance or balsamic agents
A process of chemically treating the dead human body to reduce the presence and growth of microorganisms to retard organic decomposition, and to restore an acceptable physical appearance
Embalming
What are the Classifications of Embalming
- Vascular Embalming
- Cavity Embalming
- Hypodermic Embalming
- Surface (Pack or Absorption) Embalming
- The process of disinfecting, temporary preserving and restoring the dead human body by the injection into the arteries, of a suitable amount of a proper chemical.
- Chemical is arterial fluid
- One Gallon/ 50 Lbs. of body weight and 1% dilution
Vascular Embalming
Vascular Embalming is based upon
Fluid distribution
Fluid diffusion
Retention
movement of arterial fluid from point of injection to the capillaries
Fluid distribution
Movement of arterial fluid through the capillaries to the tissues (from intravascular to extravascular)
Fluid diffusion
The direct treatment other than vascular embalming of the contents of the body cavities and the lumen of the hollow viscera
Cavity Embalming
Cavity embalming is accomplished by
Aspiration of the contents of the cavities and viscera
Injection of a suitable amount of a proper chemical
Cavity embalming chemical used & amount is
Undiluted cavity fluid
A rule of thumb 16 ounces in the thoracic cavity and 16 ounces in the abdominal/pelvic cavity
The injection of embalming chemicals directly into the tissues through the use of a syringe and needle or a trocar
Hypodermic Embalming
The disinfection and temporary preservation of a LOCAL area by the external application of a compress of a suitable material
Surface (Pack or Absorption) Embalming
Reasons for Embalming
- Disinfection
- Temporary Preservation
- Restoration
The destruction or inhibiting of pathogenic bacteria and their products in or on the body
Disinfection
Types of Disinfection
- Primary Disinfection
- Concurrent Disinfection
- Terminal Disinfection
disinfection carried out prior to the embalming process
Primary Disinfection
disinfection practices carried out during the embalming process
Concurrent Disinfection
disinfection and decontamination measures after the preparation of the remains
Terminal Disinfection
Treating the dead human body chemically so as to inhibit decomposition
Temporary Preservation
The care of the deceased to recreate natural form and color
Restoration
credited with being the father of embalming
Dr. Frederick Ruysch
Father of Modern U.S. embalming (hand pump)
Dr. Thomas Holmes
wrote the first book on embalming “History of Embalming” in French
Jean Gannal
Translated Gannal’s Book to English and he is the first credit individual recognizing the value of embalming from a disease stand point.
Dr. Richard Harlan
was the first to produce formaldehyde (HCHO)
August Wilhelm vonHofman
2 rules of Professional Conduct
- Always show respect for the deceased
2. Always maintain the highest standards
Limit admission to the preparation room during a prep. to who?
- Licensed funeral service professional and registered trainees
- Those authorized by law
- Those authorized by the family
what authorized persons can be in the prep room when no embalming is taking place?
- Maintenance employees
- Hairdresser, cosmetologist, ect.
- Staff members for dressing and casketing remains
Identify and secure the preparation room by?
- Place a sign on the preparation room door indicating private; authorized persons only
- State of Texas indicates that it must be private and have no general passageway through it
- Keep the room locked
Instruct and maintain the highest moral standards by?
- Keep the body covered as practical
- Guard against loose talk and remarks
- Guard against loose talk and remarks
- Disclose no confidential facts as to condition, deformities or diseases causing death
what are the methods of authorization to Embalm
- Verbal permission
2. Written permission
Identification procedures are with what?
- personal effects
2. proper remains
to whom are responsibility to be reported in certain obervations
- To the police
- To the medical examiner
- To the coroner (Justice of the Peace)
Follow all necessary OSHA requirements to?
help protect your employees
Completing an embalming report for EVERY case on which you perform ANY embalming procedure is for?
your documentation as to the embalming procedure you have performed
Irreversible cessation of all vital functions
Such as: Respiration; Heart action
Non-Legal definition of Death
the noise made by a moribund person caused by air passing through a residue of mucous in the trachea and posterior oral cavity.
death rattle
the semi-convulsive twitches which often occur before death
death struggle
condition in which the manifestations of life are feebly maintained
apparent death
body of a deceased person, including cremated remains
human remains
those elements remaining after cremation of a dead human body
cremated remains
Dead human body used for medical purposes; including anatomical dissection and study
cadaver
the study of death
thanatology
The major element remaining from human remains/ cremated remains is what?
Calcium
pernouncement of death; death of the organism as a whole
somatic death
Somatic death is recognized by the failure of one of what three organs
heart, brain, lungs
Death of the individual cells of the body; Final cause of cellular death is oxygen starvation; Post mortem cellular death will occur after somatic death
Post Mortem Cellular Death
what factors influence the onset of post mortem cellular death
cause of death
environmental conditions
condition of body
medication preceding death
Can cellular death occur antemortem
Yes, Necrosis such as in decubitus ulcer or gangrene
Those manifestations of death by which we may recognize its presence in the body
Signs of death
What are the signs of death
Decomposition cessation algor mortis livor mortis rigor mortis complete muscular relaxation changes of the eye
The separation of compounds into simpler substances by the action of microbial and/or autolytic enzymes; considered the single most reliable sign of death
Decomposition
circulation; respiration
Cessation
Post mortem cooling of the body to the surrounding temperatures
Algor Mortis
also referred to as cadaveric lividity; The post mortem, intravascular, red-blue discoloration resulting from the hypostasis of blood
Livor Mortis
Can Livor Mortis be removed with normal arterial injection and venous drainage?
Yes, because it is intravascular (within the vessels)
the settling of blood and/or other fluids to the dependent (lowest) portions of the body.
Hypostasis
the post mortem temporary stiffening of the body muscles due to natural chemical body processes
Rigor Mortis
at death the muscles DO NOT function
Complete Muscular Relaxation
clouding of the cornea and loss of luster; flattening of the eyeball; pupil does not respond to light
Changes of the Eye
What are the 2 types of tests for death
expert test
inexpert test
What are the types of expert test?
Stethoscope
Ophthalmoscope
Electronic Life Detection Devices (encephalogram)
Injections of various dyes
a delicate instrument used to detect almost inaudible sounds produced in the body
Stethoscope
an optical instrument with an accompanying light that makes it possible to examine the retina and explore blood circulation
Ophthalmoscope
EKG, EEG, ABR
Electronic Life Detection Devices (encephalogram)
detect normal heart activity
EKG
Check brain wave activity
EEG
check specific brain waves for vital activity
ABR
Injections of various dyes into they body to check for circulation- 2cc of Flourescein is injected into the upper arm. If there is circulation the whites of the eyes turn green
Injections of various dyes
What are the 3 types of inexpert tests?
Ligature test
Ammonia Injection Test
Feel for the pulse
ligate a finger; if it becomes discolored and swells, life is present
Ligature test
hypodermically inject ammonia, if alive the skin will show a reddish reaction
Ammonia Injection Test
Those changes occurring prior to somatic death
Ante Mortem (Agonal) Changes
What are the 4 changes of Ante Mortem (Agonal)
Thermal changes
Blood changes
Moisture changes
Translocation of Microorganisms
changes in temperature of body; rising or fallen
Thermal changes
decrease in the body temperature prior to somatic death
Due to a slow metabolism and poor circulation
Slows the onset of rigor mortis and decomposition
Agonal Algor
increase in body temperature prior to somatic death
Commonly found in infectious diseases
Speeds the rate of rigor mortis and decomposition
Agonal Fever
what are the 2 thermal changes in ante (agonal) mortem
Agonal Algor
Agonal Fever
the settling of blood and/or other fluids to the dependent portions of the body
Hypostasis (ante mortem)
congealing of the blood (clots)
Coagulation
What are the 2 types of blood changes in ante (agonal) mortem
hypostasis
coagulation
the escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location immediately before death
There is an increase in moisture in the tissues and cavities; Results from capillary; Speeds the decomposition process
Agonal edema
How will agonal edema effect the strength of your diluted arterial fluid?
Increase strength
the loss of moisture from the human body prior to somatic death
Could result in the thickening of the blood and dehydration of certain tissue
agonal dehydration
What are the 2 types of moisture change in ante (agonal) mortem
Agonal Edema
Agonal Dehydration
movement of microorganisms from one area of the body to another.
An example is from the intestinal area to the blood vascular system due to capillary permeability changes
Translocation of Microorgansisms
