MICROB Bacteria Basics Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
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3
Q
A

Answer:
a, c, d

Note that some bacteria may not have cell wall –> no peptidoglycan (chlamydia, mycoplasma)

Also LPS is only found in outer cell membrane exclusive to gram neg bacteria

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4
Q
A

Answer: C!

Micrometer range, single circular chromosome, and have both DNA and RNA!

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5
Q

AFB stains needed for what bacteria ?

A

AFB stains needed for what bacteria ?
Mycobacteria and Nocardia

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6
Q

Bacterial names, first name is 1. and second name is 2.

A

Bacterial names, first name is 1. and second name is 2.
1. Genus
2. Species

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7
Q

Genome of Bacteria?

A

Genome of Bacteria?
Genome is DNA

as single circular chromosome

Might also contain RNA

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8
Q

Gram positive have thicker _ compared to gram negatives

A

Gram positive have thicker _ compared to gram negatives
Thicker cell wall (peptidoglycan) even though they dont have outer cell membrane

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9
Q

Layman term for Helminths?

A

Layman term for Helminths?
Worm

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10
Q

Lipopolysaccharide (an endotoxin) is found in which class of bacteria?

A

Lipopolysaccharide (an endotoxin) is found in which class of bacteria?
Gram negative only.

Gram positive bacteria does not have an outer cell membrane so no LPS

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11
Q

Opportunist pathogen means?

A

Opportunist pathogen means?
Does not infect normal hosts. Could even be normal flora.

But affect immunocompromised hosts

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12
Q

Outline the structure of gram negative and gram postive bacteria (vvvvvvvvv IMPT!!!)

Gram positive: […]
Gram negative: […]

A

Outline the structure of gram negative and gram postive bacteria (vvvvvvvvv IMPT!!!)

Gram positive: Thick peptidoclycan cell wall, no outer cell membrane
Gram negative: Thin peptidoglycan cell wall, got outer cell membrane, got LPS (endotoxin)

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13
Q

What are Prions?

A

What are Prions?
Non-living, no DNA/RNA, no cells. Are just proteins

But can cause diseases such as MCD

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14
Q

What does gram stain need to work?

A

What does gram stain need to work?
Peptidoglycan

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15
Q

What is the major substance found in bacterial cell wall?

A

What is the major substance found in bacterial cell wall?
Peptidoglycan. Both gram positives and gram negatives has it!

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16
Q

Why are gram positives stained purple? Why are gram negatives stained pink?
[…]
[…]

A

Why are gram positives stained purple? Why are gram negatives stained pink?
**Thick peptidoglycan wall in gram positives traps crystal violet-iodine complex. **
Thin peptidoglycan wall in gram negatives unable to trap crystal violet-iodine complex, hence can be washed out and counterstained with red safranin

For understanding: