Methods of practice Flashcards
What are the 3 methods of practice?
- Whole
- Whole-part-whole.
- Progressive part practice.
Define whole practice
Performing the skill in its entirety without breaking into subroutines.
E.g. golf swing, tennis serve, cycling.
Whole practice: advantages
- Develops kinesthesis + enhances understanding.
- Fluency between the subroutines is maintained.
- Not time consuming.
Whole practice: disadvantages.
- Information overload- not ideal for cognitive performers.
- Can cause fatigue.
- Hard to work on specific weaknesses.
When would a coach use whole practice?
Skill is….
- Fast
- Ballistic
- Discrete
- Highly organised
- Continuous
- Simple
- Performer is autonomous.
- Links between subroutines need to be maintained.
Define Whole-part-whole practice.
- The learner attempts the full skill, then one subroutine is practiced in isolation before being integrated back into the skill.
E.g. front crawl.
Whole-part-whole practice: advantages
- Kinaesthesis maintained (as a whole).
- Weaknesses can be improved.
- Fluency maintained (as a whole).
Whole-part-whole practice: disadvantages.
- Time consuming.
- Cannot be used with highly organised skills.
- Kinaesthesis + fluency can be negatively influenced.
When would a coach use whole-part-whole practice?
Skill is…
- Fast
- Complex
- Cognitive performer + complex skill.
- Autonomous performer + eliminate weaknesses.
Define progressive part practice.
- The first subroutine is taught and then the rest of the parts are added in a sequence.
- Also referred to as chaining.
E.g. Triple jump.
Progressive part practice: advantages
- Reduced chance of information overload.
- Develops understanding.
- Danger element is reduced.
Progressive part practice: disadvantages.
- Time consuming.
- Fluency negatively affected.
- Cannot be used with highly organised skills.
When would a coach use progressive part practice?
Skill is…
- Serial
- Complex
- Dangerous
- Cognitive performer.
- Low organised.
