Methods of Examination (belizario)

Question 1

If stools are_____, the laboratory can classify the consistency of the stools as formed, semi-formed, soft, loose, or watery.

Answer 1

fresh

Question 2

The consistency can give an indication of the stage of the organism that may be present in the sample.

Protozoan trophozoites are generally observed in ______stool, while the cysts are often found in______ samples.

Answer 2

soft or liquid

formed or semi-formed

Question 3

can be found in any type of consistency.

Answer 3

helminth eggs and larvae

Question 4

In________ samples, there may be a reduction in the number of eggs and larvae due to the dilution factor.

Some authorities recommend the use of____ stools to increase the chances of recovering the protozoan trophozoites. _____ samples should be examined immediately after collection.

Answer 4

watery

purged

Question 5

______suggests bleeding high up in the gastrointestinal tract

_______means bleeding from a more distal location.

Answer 5

Dark-colored blood

bright red blood

Question 6

Blood and mucus in soft or watery stools may possibly yield the presence of________.

Answer 6

trophozoites

Question 7

____color with iron intake (preggys)

Answer 7

black

Question 8

By_____ examination of the stools, tapeworm proglottids or adult nematodes like Ascaris or Enterobius may be found on or beneath the surface of the sample.

Answer 8

gross

Question 9

can reveal many elements present in the intestinal tract aside from parasites and normal fecal constituents.

It is therefore highly recommended that a parasitology diagnostician be able to identify parasites apart from artifacts.

Answer 9

Microscopic examination

Question 10

a._______ which may indicate inflammation

b._______which may indicate an immune response to a parasitic infection

Answer 10

Polymorphonuclears (PMNs)

Eosinophils

Question 11

may indicate ulcerations or bleeding

Answer 11

Red blood cells

Question 12

are usually present in both bacterial and parasitic infections.

Answer 12

Macrophages

Question 13

In actual practice, one can mistake the active______ for amebic trophozoites

Answer 13

macrophages

Question 14

__________ are released with the disintegration of eosinophils.

They may indicate presence of hypersensitivity or parasitic infections, especially amebiasis

Answer 14

Charcot-Leyden crystals

Question 15

Eggs of arthropods, plant nematodes, and other spurious parasites may be mistaken for_____

Answer 15

human parasites

Question 16

________coming from Candida spp., yeast, and yeast-like fungi may also be mistaken for parasites.

Answer 16

Fungal spores

Question 17

Elements of plant origin which resemble some parasites include:

Answer 17

a. plant cells/fibers
b. pollen grains
c. starch granules
d. vegetable spirals

Question 18

Plant and animal hairs may look like______

Answer 18

helminth larvae