Metal Flashcards
What is the Latin word for iron, which refers to ferrous metals containing iron?
Ferrum
What type of metals contain little or no iron?
Non-ferrous Metals
What is the process of forming a material into a specific shape by pouring it in fluid state into a mold?
Casting
What process involves forcing semi-molten metal through a hole to produce linear shapes?
Extrusion
What process forms metal by hammering, pressing, or rolling?
Forging
What type of finish textures the metal surface for a specific appearance, commonly used on stainless steel?
Mechanical Finish
What type of finish results from the reaction of various solutions on the metal surface, commonly used on copper alloys?
Chemical Finish
What type of protective layer is used on carbon steel and iron finishes?
Coatings
What process involves using aluminum to protect a surface?
Oxidizing Surface
What type of paint should not be used on aluminum surfaces?
Lead-based Paint
What process covers aluminum with a protective film by electrodeposition?
Electroplating
What process forms a hard, resistant surface on metal, available in broad colors?
Vitreous Enamel
What coating is applied to aluminum surfaces that have been prepared with a suitable chemical treatment?
Paint
What finish, also called an anodized finish, forms a transparent or opaque protective layer that increases abrasion resistance?
Electrolytic Finish
What process, also called polishing, removes any oxide film or surface irregularity from metal?
Etching
What are decorative objects made of tin, often ornamented with painted or enameled patterns?
Tole
What type of iron comes from a blast furnace, contains carbon, and is the hardest among irons?
Cast Iron
What are common uses of cast iron?
Plumbing drainage pipes, stoves, fireplaces
What type of iron contains the least carbon, is soft but not brittle, and is malleable?
Wrought Iron
What are common uses of wrought iron?
Grilles, gates, railings, furniture hardware
What type of metal has hardness between cast iron and wrought iron and can be polished to a high shine?
Steel
What are common uses of steel?
Structural material
What iron alloy resists corrosion due to the addition of chromium?
Stainless Steel
What are common uses of stainless steel?
Railings, food preparation equipment, surgical tools
What are smaller channels in a blast furnace called?
Pigs
What metal is formed when molten iron is cast into a pig-casting machine?
Pig Iron
What is the greenish thin layer that forms on copper due to oxidation?
Patina
What type of steel is made mostly of carbon?
Carbon Steel
What type of steel includes silicon to minimize energy loss?
Electrical Steel
What lightweight yet strong metal is highly resistant to corrosion and stronger than structural steel?
Aluminum
What are common uses of aluminum?
Door frames, hardware, louver blind slats, furniture
What soft, orange or reddish-brown metal is one of the first metals used by humans and is durable and resistant to alkaline chemicals?
Copper
What are side channels in a furnace where pig iron is formed?
Sows
What is the greenish patina found on aged brass, bronze, or copper?
Verdigris
What is the oxide of iron that forms on steel after heating?
Scale
What is the most abundant metal, which is prone to rusting?
Iron
What is sterling silver composed of?
92.5% pure silver
What alloy of copper and zinc has a bright yellowish appearance and takes a high polish?
Brass
What are common uses of brass?
Furniture tacks, hardware
What alloy of copper, tin, and phosphorus is rich golden-brown and can be easily cast?
Bronze
What are common uses of bronze?
Statues, metal ornaments, finishing hardware
What metal is too soft to be used alone, has a bluish-white color, and takes a highly reflective polish?
Tin
What are common uses of tin?
Hardware, mirrors, gilding
What blue-gray, heavy metal is highly workable and relatively impenetrable to radiation?
Lead
What are common uses of lead?
Pipes, sheet foils, bolts
What lead alloy is a substitute for silver, soft, and known as “poor man’s silver”?
Pewter
What are common uses of pewter?
Dishes, candle holders, lighting fixtures
What steel-white metal takes a brilliant polish, resists oxidation, and becomes magnetic at 13°F?
Chromium
What process applies a thin, hard, wear-resistant surface of chromium to steel?
Chromium Plating
Which cities in America were known for their high-quality silverwork?
New York and Boston
Who were two of the most famous silversmiths in Boston?
John Coney and Paul Revere
What metal is commonly used for tableware?
Silver
What engraving method uses a resinous solution of nitric acid on copper?
Aquatint
What plating method is used to protect steel and is commonly applied to wood screws?
Cadmium Plating
What 15th-century metal alloy, a combination of copper, tin, and lead, is an ancestor of pewter?
Dinandrie
What is a type of metal inlay where acid-etched designs are filled with metals?
Damascene Work
What material is used as a raw feed in steelmaking and usually contains iron?
Ferroalloy
What are decorative cast iron linings placed behind a fireplace to reflect heat and protect masonry?
Firebacks
What is a relief technique where metal is hammered from the reverse side to create raised designs?
Repoussé
What is steel cast in a metal mold, usually rectangular (slabs) or square (blooms), ready for rolling or forging?
Ingot
What decorative ironwork includes grilles, screens, and gates?
Ironwork
What term refers to ornamental or utilitarian metalwork used on cabinetwork, such as escutcheons and handles?
Mounts
What process treats the surface of iron or steel with acid to remove scale, rust, and dirt?
Pickling
What process coats steel with a layer of zinc to increase corrosion resistance?
Galvanizing
What process softens steel or iron by reheating it at a lower temperature than its previous hardening?
Tempering (Drawing)
What is the non-metallic material forming a molten layer on top of molten steel in a furnace?
Slag
What type of steel is wide, flat, and rolled with a minimum thickness of 3mm?
Sheet Steel
What type of steel is flat and rolled with a maximum thickness above 3mm?
Plate Steel
