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Materials of Decoration > Fabric Finishes > Flashcards

Fabric Finishes Flashcards

1
Q
  • Process done to fabrics, fibers and yarns
  • Change in appearance, texture and performance
  • Dyeing and printing are classified as fabric finishes
A

Finish / Finishes

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2
Q
  • Fabric at this stage is still rough full of blemishes and impurities
  • Not ready for consumer use
A

Grey of greige goods

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3
Q
  • Classification of fabric finish
  • lasts until the fabric is washed or dry-cleaned
    ex: starching
A

Temporary Finish

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4
Q
  • Classification of fabric finish

- lasts longer than temporary but may unsatisfactory with the passing of time

A

Durable Finish

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5
Q
  • Classification of fabric finish

- lasts until the garment is of service

A

Permanent Finish

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6
Q
  • Finishes that affect the texture and appearance of the cloth
  • Common finishes applied to the majority of the fabrics produced
A

General Finish

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7
Q
  • Affect the performance of the cloth.
  • Also called functional finishes because they give the fabric special service feature which improves its properties and functions
A

Special Finish

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8
Q
  • General finish
  • Common finish for linen
  • Gives cloth a firm, flattened and lustruous appearance
  • Fabric is hammered and the yarns are flattened by the impact of wooden mallets
  • Closes the weave and create heavy and compact appearance
A

Beetling (pinukpok)

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9
Q
  • General finish
  • Makes the fabric white and impurities are removed through the use of chemicals
  • The warp sizing of the yarn, waxes and other matters are dissolved
  • Necessary to increase the ability to absorb dyestuff uniformly
A

Bleaching

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10
Q
  • General finish
  • Finishing process
  • Makes the fabric smooth and glossy
  • Done by passing the fabric between heated steel rollers at a pressure of 2000 pounds per square inch
  • Special surface designs are made possible by this process
A

Calendering

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11
Q
  • General finish
  • Wool finishing process to prevent creases of other forms of uneven shrinkage in the latter stages of finishing
  • Stretching process wherein cloth passes over rollers in hot water
  • Then put into cold water after
A

Crabbing

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12
Q
  • General finish
  • Improves the appearance
  • Enhances luster and hand of the material
A

Decating or Decatizing

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13
Q
  • General finish
  • Kind of Decating process
  • Usually done on cotton, rayon and silk
  • Steam passes through from the inside to the outside layers
A

Dry Decating Process

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14
Q
  • General finish
  • Kind of Decating process
  • Cloth is wound on a roller and treated in a hot water or steam boiler
  • May help overcome uneven or blotchy dyeing
A

Wet Decating Process

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15
Q
  • General finish
  • Important finish applied to wool fabrics
  • Pre-shrinking process, involves the application of moisture, heat, friction and pressure
  • Results in the felting of wool and gives the fabric a fuller and more compact body
A

Fulling

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16
Q
  • General finish
  • Common finishing process for cotton
  • Fabrics are treated with a strong caustic soda under tension to increase its strength, reduce shrinkage and give greater absorbency for dyes
  • This process causes the fiber to swell lightly, making it appear rounder and smoother
  • Smoother surface increase the light reflection off the fiber surface
A

Mercerizing

17
Q
  • General finish
  • Applied to fabrics to remove the fuzz of protruding fibers
  • Done by passing the fabric over jets of flames or white hot metal plates and quickly immersed in water
  • Makes the fabric surface smooth
A

Singeing or Gassing

18
Q
  • General finish
  • Other term for starching
  • Cloth is filled with starch to increase strength, smoothness, stiffness or weight of the fabric
A

Sizeing or Dressing

19
Q
  • General finish
  • Straightens and restores the cloth to its proper dimensions
  • These grasp the cloth at the selvages and stretch it to shape
  • Dry the cloth under tension to set the weave to its proper form
A

Tentering, Stentering or Heat-Setting

20
Q
  • Special finish
  • To make a fabric bacteria-resistant
  • Self-sterilizing quality to a fabric
A

Antiseptic Finish

21
Q
  • Special finish
  • Applied to synthetic fabrics to prevent accumulation of static electricity
  • This adds a water-attracting chemical to the fabric which will carry off the electrical charges
A

Anti-Static Finish

22
Q
  • Special finish
  • Applied mostly on fabrics from such fibers as cotton, linen, ramie and rayon
  • Gives fabrics quick recovery from crease and wrinkles
  • Moisture is still absorbed by the fabrics but swelling is prevented making it quick drying
A

Crease-Resistant Finish

23
Q
  • Special finish
  • Will not catch flame or burn actively
  • Cause fabric to lose its softness and flexibility
  • Ammonium Sulphonate – makes fabric fire-resistant without imparting a harsh quality
A

Flame Retardant Finish

24
Q
  • Special finish
  • Also called Insulated Finish
  • Makes fabric suitable for hot or cold weather
  • In cold weather, when the treated surface is used facing the body, it will reflect its radiated heat back to the body rather than away
  • In hot weather, with the treated surface outward, will reflect the outside heat away from the body
A

Heat-Reflectant Finish

25
Q
  • Special finish
  • Finish given mostly to rayon, cotton and linen fabrics which are susceptible to attack by mildew in moist and humid conditions
  • Applied to fabric to prevent growth of mildew and mold
A

Mildew-Resistant Finish

26
Q
  • Special finish
  • Referred to as moth-proofing finish
  • For wool fabrics to make them resistant to attack by moths and carpet beetles
A

Moth-Resistant Finish

27
Q
  • Special finish
  • Subjecting the surface of a fabric to a brushing process to raise the fiber ends thus creating a surface fuzziness
  • Creates soft fabric and provides warmth because of insulative air cells in the nap
  • Flannelette – example of napped fabric.
  • Increased firmness and greater warmth
A

Napping

28
Q
  • Special finish
  • Relaxation shrinkage is eliminated by overfeeding a fabric onto dyeing frame and applying stretch in the cross-wise direction of the fabric
  • Fabrics treated may have less than 2% shrinkage in the warp and filling directions
A

Shrink-Resistant Finish (Mechanical method)

29
Q

Label or mark on cotton or linen fabrics indicates a mechanical shrink-resistant finish that has met standards
of less than 1% shrinkage

A

Sanforized

30
Q
  • Special finish
  • Given to loosely constructed fabrics or with low thread count
  • Prevents the warp yarns from slipping along the filling yarns
A

Slip-Resistant Finish

31
Q
  • Special finish
  • Water repellent
  • Stains cannot penetrate
  • ex: Scotchgard of 3M
A

Soil and Stain-Resistant

32
Q
  • Special finish
  • Referred to as drip-dry finish
  • Wash and wear fabrics will dry smoothly and need little
    or no ironing after washing
  • Good, soft hand and neat appearance
A

Wash and Wear of Minicare Finish

33
Q
  • Special finish
  • Makes a fabric resistant to wetting but no waterproof
  • Permits fabric to breathe, allowing passage of air, water and perspiration
  • Spot-resistant
  • Water-borned stains are prevented from seeping through
A

Water-Repellent Finish

34
Q
  • Special finish
  • Totally coats the fabric thus closing the pores and enabling to shed water under all pressures
  • These fabrics do not breathe
A

Waterproof Finish

Materials of Decoration (10 decks)

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