mental health nursing Flashcards
admission to a psychiatric facility without the clients consent. usually happens in response to a crisis or need for emergency care
involuntary admission to hospital
person must be provided with info about condition, info about proposed treatment, benefits to be expected from treatment, risk and adverse effects of treatment, consequences to be expected from not recieving treatment
informed consent
two hemispheres connected by the corpus callosum, where the penal gland is located
cerebrum
regulates gonadal function and also produces melatonin, which influences the sleep cycle
pineal gland
regulates creativity and intuition and controls the left side of the body
right hemisphere
regulates logical, analytical thinking and controls he right side of the body
left hemisphere
integrate and organize complex thinking for solving problems, producing speech, planning, and making decisions, regulating arousal, and focusing attention
frontal lobes
interpret taste and touch and help with spatial perceptions and balance
parietal lobes
interpret hearing and smell and support memory, language comprehension, and the expression of emotions
temporal lobes
help coordinate and interpret speech and vision
occipital lobes
coordinates movement and balance
cerebellum
controls cardiac and respiratory function
medulla oblongata
controls sleep and consciousness and relays motor neuron impulses
reticular activating system
is implicated in impulsive behavior; related to stress and anxiety
locus ceruleus
regulates mood, activity, and sensation
thalamus
regulates temp, appetite, hormones, and impulsive reactions, such as anger and excitement
hypothalamus
regulate emotions and memory psychopathology of the limbic system
hippocampus and amygdala
there spaces between the hemispheres and other structures are filled with CSF, which cusions and nourishes brain structures
ventricles
is the relaying of information in the synapse from neuron to neuron through electrical impulses and chemicals
neurotransmitters
after the message impulse is transmitted to the receptor cells, neurotransmitters return to the axon for storage, alternatively, are inactivated and metabolized by enzymes, primarily MAO
reuptake
characterized by abnormally high or low concentrations of certain neurotransmitters
psychiatric illnesses
found mainly in the brainstem, these chemicals control the stress response and influence the brains reward system
norepinephrine and epinephrine
it has mainly an excitatory effect on movement, emotions, motivation, and cognition
dopamine
it has primarily an inhibitory effect
serotonin
it may be excitatory or inhibitory, affecting sleep-wake cycles, and signalling muscular activity
acetylcholine
it opens the calcium ion channel to allow electrical impulses through the synapse
glutamate
it is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate other neurotransmitters
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
they are the brains natural opiates
endorphins and enkephalins
in addition to moderating allergic responses and reducing gastric and cardiac stimulation it also controls alertness
histamine
clinical psychologists admin tests to measure intelligence and cognitive functioning as well as aspects of personality, memory, impulse control, interpersonal behavior and self concept
psychological testing
are graphic tracings of the brains electrical impulses, used to differentiate among neurological and psychiatric conditions and to evaluate various neurological symptoms
EEGs
uses xrays, and sometimes a contrast agent to produce sharply defined images of a slice through body tissues
CT
uses magnetic energy to discriminate among different tissue densities
MRI
positron emission tomography aids investigation of brain function by measuring glucose consumption, that is, metabolic activity can be distinguished
PET
