health and wellness Flashcards
a state of interconnected parts that include physical, mental, social, and spiritual health
health
has historically been the most prevalent in our health care system and remain the mot common. encourages health care providers to focus on disease prevention among high risk groups
biomedical approach
includes health teaching and awareness campaigns that help to change individual health behaviours and lifestyles
behavioural approach
became popular in the 1980s when a new concept of health emerged that accounted for the structural influences on health behaviours
socioenvironmental approach
the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. involves helping people optimize their sense of well-being and health potential
health promotion
highlights the significance of health promotion activities that extend beyond the individual level to address the context and the resources needed to promote the health of community members
Ottawa charter for health promotion
what are the 5 main strategies for health promotion of the Ottawa charter?
building healthy public policy
creating supportive environments
strengthening community action
developing personal skills
reorienting health services
involves helping ppl reduce their risks for disease, detect disease early, or maintain optimal functioning while living with disease
disease prevention
what are the levels of prevention?
primary
secondary
tertiary
activities that promote health and reduce risks for disease and injury
primary prevention
early detection of disease or steps taken to recover from disease and injury
secondary prevention
maintaining an optimal level of health while living with disease and injury
tertiary prevention
improve community conditions by addressing the social determinants of health
up stream thinking
addressed individual lifestyle and behavioral factors that influence health
midstream thinking
primary care
downstream thinking
impt but controversial evidence informed, client centered approach to health promotion that is based on user input and demand
harm reduction
education is never neutral, and injury participatory community education, community members must be involved in naming their own problems and proposing their own solutions
Palo freires theory of community empowerment
developed a transtheoretical model of behaviour change
DiClemente and prochazka model of planned behaviour change
what ate the stages of behaviour change?
precontemplation
contemplation
preparation
action
maintenance
human health is a social matter, not just an individual one. proposes that self efficacy beliefs operate together with goals, outcome expectations, and perceived environmental facilitators and impediments in regulating human motivation, behaviour, and well being
Alfred Banderas social cognitive theory
developing awareness of past success in similar situations
personal mastery
observing role models, recognizing what has worked for others
vicarious experiences
encouragement, receiving info, having questions answered
verbal persuasion
evide ce of positive bodily changes Banderas theory has been utilized
physiological feedback
behaviour can be influenced cedar by intra and interpersonal beliefs, social norms, and networks as well as policies
Ronald Roger’s protection motivation theory
integrates knowledge from nursing with the behavioural sciences to explore motivations for th promoting behaviours and how health care providers can promote such behaviours in the person’s they serve
Nola penders health promotion model
Universal coverage for Canadians that includes all medically necessary hospital and physician services that are funded by Medicare
publicly funded care
what are the principles of Canada health act
accessibility
portability
comprehensiveness
public admin
supplemental health services that are usually purchased from a for-profit organization as extended health coverage, either through an employer or through a policy
privately funded care
nonprofit organizations provide financial support and services for the prevention and detection of illness and for specific health conditions
voluntary services
nonprofit organizations provide financial support and services for the prevention and detection of illness and for specific health conditions
voluntary services
what are the 5 levels of health care?
promotive, preventative, curative, rehabilitative, and supportive
designed to enable people to increase their control over and improve their health
health promotion services
designed to reduce risk factors for disease and injury
disease and injury prevention services
provide dx and treatment of an existing health care condition
dx and treatment services
first contact a person makes with the health care system, which leads to dx and management of the persons actual or potential health conditions
primary care
involves the provision of a specialized medical services by a medical specialist in their office, clinic, or hospital
secondary care
specialized consultative care, usually on referral from primary or secondary medical care providers, provided by specialists working in a setting that has personnel and facilities for dx and treating complicated health conditions
tertiary care
refers to hospitals, LTC facilities, psychiatric facilities, and rehab centers that provide cervices to inpts and outpts
institutional sector
generally specialize in providing care over a short period of time for the purpose of dx and treatment of health care problems
hospitals
provide accommodations for pts who require the delivery of 24hr on site supervised care including professional health services, personal care etc
LTC facilities
located in hospitals, independent outpt clinics, or mental health clinics and provide inpt and outpt care for clients with mental health disorders
psychiatric facilities
provide on site therapy and restorative training to pts with the purpose of minimizing the pts dependence on care
rehab centers
means being conscious of the differeneces among various cultural groups
cultural awareness
takes cultural awareness a step further and refers to a deeper understanding of how culture shapes heath and being mindful of ones own culture and cultural biases
cultural sensitivity
refers to the skill and ability of health care providers to provide effective care to people of different cultures
cultural competence
a step beyond cultural competence that includes self-reflections well as working to reduce power imbalances through advocacy
cultural safety
involves a lifelong commitment to self evaluation and critique to redressing the power imbalance in the health care professional client dynamic
cultural humility
refers to care focused on the clients past expierence of violence and the role it currently plays in their lives
trauma informed care
described as the key to health care reform and sustainability
primary health care
what are the 6 nutrients necessary for body processes and function?
water
carbohydrates
proteins
fats
vitamins
minerals
