MEDS Flashcards
when should meds be started for stage I hypertension?
on patients estimated 10 year cardiovascular risk
three main classes of drugs used for initial monotherapy?
thiazide diuretics
ace inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB)
long acting calcium channel blocker
inhibit Na/Cl transporter in the DCT
increase Na and water secretion
hypokalemia
increase serum Ca reabsorption in exchange for Na
-good for osteoporosis
what is this med?
preferred? more common choice?
thiazide diuretics
chlorthalidone, hydrochlorothiazide (both oral meds)
ACEi are safer for?
what are the effects?
renal failure
blocks angio I to angio II, suppressing vasoconstriction
and
prevents bradykinin degradation, so more vasodilation and a mild diuretic
absolute CI to the use of ACEi is?
bilateral renal stenosis
what are the ARBs?
losartan
valsartan
reduces vasoconstriction, sodium retention, aldosterone release and used in patients who use ACEi
what are these CCBs?
amlodipine
nifedipine
felodipine
nicardipine
dihydropyridine
what are these CCBs?
diltiazem
verapamil
non-dihydropyridine
name this class of drug?
blocks influx of calcium ions into the vascular smooth muscle cell or myocardial cell
decreased muscular contraction, reduced cardiac contractility, reduced cardiac output, reduced vasoconstriction, reduced peripheral resistance leading to overall reduced blood pressure
calcium channel blockers
name this class of drug?
used following acute MI
stable patient with HF or LV dysfunction
rate control in patients with atrial fib
control of angina
not recommended as first line agent
beta blockers
what are the alpha and beta blockers?
labetalol
carvedilol
what is this syndrome?
chronic receptor blockade will result in sprouting of additional receptors
- HTN
- tachycardia
- afib
- angina
- sudden death
beta blocker WD syndrome
clonidine is what type of agonist?
what is clonidine WD?
clonidine
severe HTN, tremors, anxiety
