COPD Flashcards
COPD chest radiograph findings?
flattened diaphragms and hyperlucency of lung fields
COPD consists of?
chronic bronchitis
small airway disease
emphysema
chronic inflammation
narrowing and reductio of small airway
airway collapse
what is this?
chronic bronchitis
enlarged airspaces
destruction of alveolar walls
what is this?
emphysema
most important risk factor for COPD?
cigarette smoking
what percent of patients die from COPD do not smoke?
20%
three clinical cardinal symptoms of COPD?
dyspnea
shortness of breath
sputum
how is chronic bronchitis defined?
chronic productive cough for a total of 3 months in each of 2 successive years when all causes of chronic cough have been excluded
hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction?
shunting
a measure of how easily CO molecules transfer from the alveolar gas to the HgB of the red cells in the pulmonary circulation
diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO)
main cause of hypoxemia in COPD is?
V/Q mismatch
how do we confirm the diagnosis of COPD?
smoking, occupational exposure physical exam lab findings spirometry absence of alternative explanation
most important nonpharmacologic tx of COPD?
smoking cessation
oxygen
what are the meds for COPD?
beta agonists
muscurinic antagonist
inhaled corticosteroids
systemic steroids
when is LABA-ICS considered?
asthmatic component to the COPD
