GI BLEEDING

Question 1

blood or coffee ground material

presents as black, tarry stool

Answer 1

hematemesis

Question 2

red or maroon blood in stool

usually lower GI bleeding

can be massive UGI bleeding

Answer 2

hematochezia

Question 3

melena
blood or coffee grounds
high BUN/Cr ration

Upper or lower GI source?

Answer 3

upper

Question 4

blood clots in stool

Upper or lower GI source?

Answer 4

lower

Question 5

etiologies for UGI bleeding?

Answer 5

peptic ulcer disease
esophagogastric varices
medications
esophagitis
gastritis
vascular abnormalities
UGI tumors

Question 6

upper abdominal pain indicates?

Answer 6

peptic ulcer

Question 7

odynophagia indicates?

Answer 7

esophageal ulcer

Question 8

emesis, retching, coughing indicates?

Answer 8

MW tear

Question 9

jaundice, ascites indicates?

Answer 9

variceal hemorrhage

Question 10

upper GI bleeding can be malignant? yes or no

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

in lower GI bleeding, name the presentation?

left colon
right side

Answer 11

brighter red

darker

Question 12

endoscopic management for GI bleeding?

Answer 12

argon coagulation
hemo clips
epinephrine
injecting visible vessel

Question 13

assessment for GI bleeding?

Answer 13

VS
ab exam
High/HCT
coagulation studies
liver fxn studies

use*
-large bore IV access, IV fluids, transfusion (RBCs, platelets, FFP/PCC)

Question 14

is this type and screen or type and crossmatch?

blood type is determined

sample retained in lab should a cross match be needed

often ordered for patients going for low moderate risk surgery

Answer 14

type and screen

Question 15

is this type and screen or type and crossmatch?

blood sample will be used to test donor blood compatibility for the recipient

ordered when you anticipate blood transfusion likely needed or you plan to transfuse now

45 minutes required

Answer 15

type and crossmatch