medicine zero to finals flashcards

Question 1

Which DMARD causes orange urine and reduced sperm count?

Answer 1

• Sulfasalazine

Question 2

Renal conditions that may cause AKI?

Answer 2

• Acute tubular necrosis
• Glomerulonephritis
  -Acute interstitial nephritis
• Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome
• Rhabdomyolysis

Question 3

1st line DMARD for treating SLE?

Answer 3

Hydroxychloroquine

Question 4

Name for entire finger swelling in psoriatic arthritis?

Answer 4

Dactylitis

Question 5

ECG findings in Atrial Fibrillation? (3)

Answer 5

• Absent P waves
• Irregularly irregular ventricular rhythm
• Narrow QRS complex tachycardia

Question 6

2 DMARDs considered safest in pregnancy?

Answer 6

• Hydroxychloroquine
• Sulfasalazine

Question 7

1st line treatment for acute exacerbation of Crohn’s?

Answer 7

• Steroids (eg. Oral Prednisolone, IV Hydrocortisone)

Question 8

Top 3 genetic diseases that can cause: Liver Cirrhosis?

Answer 8

• Wilsons disease
• Haemochromatosis
• Alpha 1 anti-trypsin deficiency

Question 9

4 key causes of Haematuria? (blood in urine)

Answer 9

1) Malignancy (bladder cancer)
2) Glomerulonephritis (nephritic syndrome)
3) Kidney stones
4) Infection

Question 10

1st line medical treatment for Guilian Barre?

Answer 10

IV Immunoglobulins

Question 11

2 skin changes: in Dermatomyositis?

Answer 11

• Gottron Papules
• Heliotrope rash

Question 12

Infantile spasms (west syndrome) ?

Answer 12

Condition starts at around 6 months of age, causes clusters of full body spasms, ECG= Hypsarrhythmia
- Treatment: Vigabatrin

Question 13

before starting Triptans for migraine, what must you check?

Answer 13

blood pressure, as hypertension is a contraindication

Question 14

2 features of Charcot Marie Tooth?

Answer 14

• High foot arches (pes cavus)
• Distal muscle wasting: causing inverted champagne bottle legs

Question 15

Top causes of SIADH (3) ?

Answer 15

• Post-operative
• SSRI antidepressants
• Small cell lung cancer

Question 16

DMARDS harmful in pregnancy?

Answer 16

• Methotrexate
• Leflunomide

Question 17

First line options (3) for migraine prophylaxis?

Answer 17

• Propanolol
• Topiramate
• Amitriptyline

Question 18

which arrhythmia is most associated with: prolonged QT interval?

Answer 18

Torsades de Pointes

Question 19

Primary medical treatment for hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state?

Answer 19

• IV fluids

Question 20

Dynamic test to confirm diagnosis of acromegaly?

Answer 20

• Growth Hormone suppression test

Question 21

What levels of T4 and TSH would you expect in SECONDARY hyperthyroidism?

Answer 21

• High t4 and HIGH TSH

Question 22

Dynamic function test for Diabetes Insipidus?

Answer 22

• Water Deprivation test

Question 23

Dynamic function test used in Cushing’s?

Answer 23

Dexamethasone Suppression test

Question 24

medication to treat severe hyponatraemia?

Answer 24

Tolvaptan (is a vasopressor receptor antagonist)

Question 25

what antibodies result in Graves Disease?

Answer 25

• TSH receptor antibodies

Question 26

Mx. to lower the potassium level in patients with SEVERE HYPERKALAEMIA?

Answer 26

Insulin+dextrose infusion