medicine zero to finals flashcards
Which DMARD causes orange urine and reduced sperm count?
- Sulfasalazine
Renal conditions that may cause AKI?
- Acute tubular necrosis
- Glomerulonephritis
-Acute interstitial nephritis - Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome
- Rhabdomyolysis
1st line DMARD for treating SLE?
Hydroxychloroquine
Name for entire finger swelling in psoriatic arthritis?
Dactylitis
ECG findings in Atrial Fibrillation? (3)
- Absent P waves
- Irregularly irregular ventricular rhythm
- Narrow QRS complex tachycardia
2 DMARDs considered safest in pregnancy?
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Sulfasalazine
1st line treatment for acute exacerbation of Crohn’s?
- Steroids (eg. Oral Prednisolone, IV Hydrocortisone)
Top 3 genetic diseases that can cause: Liver Cirrhosis?
- Wilsons disease
- Haemochromatosis
- Alpha 1 anti-trypsin deficiency
4 key causes of Haematuria? (blood in urine)
1) Malignancy (bladder cancer)
2) Glomerulonephritis (nephritic syndrome)
3) Kidney stones
4) Infection
1st line medical treatment for Guilian Barre?
IV Immunoglobulins
2 skin changes: in Dermatomyositis?
- Gottron Papules
- Heliotrope rash
Infantile spasms (west syndrome) ?
Condition starts at around 6 months of age, causes clusters of full body spasms, ECG= Hypsarrhythmia
- Treatment: Vigabatrin
before starting Triptans for migraine, what must you check?
blood pressure, as hypertension is a contraindication
2 features of Charcot Marie Tooth?
- High foot arches (pes cavus)
- Distal muscle wasting: causing inverted champagne bottle legs
Top causes of SIADH (3) ?
- Post-operative
- SSRI antidepressants
- Small cell lung cancer
DMARDS harmful in pregnancy?
- Methotrexate
- Leflunomide
First line options (3) for migraine prophylaxis?
- Propanolol
- Topiramate
- Amitriptyline
which arrhythmia is most associated with: prolonged QT interval?
Torsades de Pointes
Primary medical treatment for hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state?
- IV fluids
Dynamic test to confirm diagnosis of acromegaly?
- Growth Hormone suppression test
What levels of T4 and TSH would you expect in SECONDARY hyperthyroidism?
- High t4 and HIGH TSH
Dynamic function test for Diabetes Insipidus?
- Water Deprivation test
Dynamic function test used in Cushing’s?
Dexamethasone Suppression test
medication to treat severe hyponatraemia?
Tolvaptan (is a vasopressor receptor antagonist)
what antibodies result in Graves Disease?
- TSH receptor antibodies
Mx. to lower the potassium level in patients with SEVERE HYPERKALAEMIA?
Insulin+dextrose infusion
