medication Flashcards
1
Q
medication delivery
A
prescribing transcribing dispensing administering monitoring
2
Q
1/3 of med errors in
A
administration phase
3
Q
-dipine
A
Ca+ Channel Blocker
4
Q
-afil
A
Erectile dysfunction
5
Q
-caine
A
Anesthetics
6
Q
-pril
A
ACE inhibitor
7
Q
-pam, -lam
A
Benzodiazepine
8
Q
-statin
A
Antilipidemic
9
Q
-asone, -solone
A
Corticosteroid
10
Q
-olol
A
Beta blocker
11
Q
-cillin
A
Penicillin
12
Q
-ide
A
Oral hypoglycemic
13
Q
-prazole
A
Protein pump inhibitor
14
Q
-vir
A
Antiviralq=
15
Q
-ase
A
Thrombolytic
16
Q
-azine
A
Antiemetic
17
Q
-phylline
A
Bronchodilator
18
Q
-arin
A
Anticoagulant
19
Q
-tidine
A
Anitulcer
20
Q
-zine
A
Antihistamine
21
Q
-cycline
A
Antibiotic
22
Q
-mycin
A
Aminoglycoside
23
Q
-floxacin
A
Antibiotic
24
Q
-tyline
A
Tricyclic antidepressants
25
-pram, ine
SSRIs
26
Cardiac Glycosides
Used in the treatment of patients with cardiac failure or ineffective pumping mechanism of the hear muscle.
27
side effects of cardiac glyxosides
Digoxin toxicity
GI effects
CNS effects
blurred vision, yellow-green or white halos, diplopia
28
antianginial medications
The use of organic nitrates, beta adrenergic-blocking agents, and calcium channel blockers to treat pain related to imbalances between myocardial oxygen supply and demand.
Side effects:
Headache
Orthostatic hypotension
Reflex tachycardia
29
Antidysrhythmic Agents
Complex agents with multiple mechanisms of action. Classified according to their effects on the electrical conduction system of the heart
Class I, II, III, IV
Side effects/adverse effects
- Toxicity
30
antacids
Neutralize gastric acid and inactive pepsin
| Used for peptic ulcer disease
31
GERD
```
Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)
- May cause constipation, hypophosphatemia
```
Milk of Magnesia
- May cause diarrhea, renal impairment, hypermagnesemia
Sodium bicarbonate
- May cause constimation
32
Antacids pt. education
- Do not give to patients with GI perforation or obstruction
- Patients with renal impairment should only use aluminum-based preparations
- Other meds should be taken 1 hour before or after antacids
- May require repeated doses up to 7 times a day
- 1 hour and 3 hour after meals and at bedtime
33
proton pump inhibitors
Prevent or block selected receptors within the stomach
| Used for Gastric and peptic ulcers
34
proton pump inhibitors
- Low incidence of diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
- Can increase the risk for fractures, pneumonia, and acid rebound
- Do not crush, chew, or break tablets
- Notify provider for signs of GI bleeding
- Teach patient to take medication as scheduled
35
histamine 2 receptor antagonists
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
- Increases risk of infection, use with caution with COPD
Nizatidine (Axid)
Famotidine (Pepcid)
36
histamine 2 receptor antagonists
Side effects include decreased libido/impotence
Lethargy, depression, confusion
Teach patient to modify diet as prescribed
37
mucosal protectants and what is it for and administration
Adheres to injured gastric ulcers upon contact with gastric acids, protective action for up to 6 hours, has no systemic effects
- Used with gastric and duodenal ulcers
- GERD
Administer on an empty stomach 1 hour before meals
Do not give within 30 min of antacids.
Sucralfate (Carafate)
38
antiemetics
Multiple classifications of medications that affect the Gi tract or the “vomiting” center of the brain to reduce nausea/vomiting
- Postoperative
- Chemotherapy
- N/V associated with disease process
39
types of antiemetics
- Promethazine (Phenergan)
May cause anticholinergic effects, potentiates when given with narcotics
- Metoclopramide (Reglan)
+May cause drowsiness, anticholinergic effects, tardive dyskinesia, restlessness
+Teach patient about rapid GI emptying
Ondansetron (Zofran)
Scopolamine
May cause blurred vision, sedation, anticholinergic effects
40
types of antidiarrheals
Lomotil
Imodium
Increase risk megacolon for patients with IBS
41
stool softeners pt. education
- Contraindicated with impaction, bowel obstruction, acute surgical abdomen
- Monitor for laxitave use/abuse
Provide adequate fluid intake to avoid obstruction
- Metamucil
- Colace
- Dulcolax
- Milk of Mag
42
types of loop
Furosemide (Lasix)
| Bumetanide (Bumex)
43
types of thiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril)
| Chlorothiazide (Diuril)
44
types of potassium sparing
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
| Triameterene (Dyrenium)
45
Adverse Effects
| Loop and thiazide diuretics
```
Hypovolemia
Ototoxicity
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Hyperglycemia
Digoxin toxicity
Lithium toxicity
```
46
potassium sparing diuretics adverse effects
Hyperkalemia
| Endocrine effects
47
Antispasmodic actions to decrease muscle spasms and contractions
```
Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
Tolterodine (Detrol)
Darifenacin (Enablex)
Solifenacin (Vesicare)
Trospium (Sanctura)
Fesoterodine (Toviaz)
```
48
Bisphosphonates: what they do and meds
- Decrease the number and action of osteoporosis
- Alendronate (Fosamax): daily or weekly
- Risedronate (Actonel): daily, weekly, monthly
- Ibandronate (Boniva): monthly or every 3 months
- Zoledronic acid (Reclast, Zometa): IV annually
49
Antirheumatics
Provide symptomatic relief and delay in disease progression by inhibiting or modulating inflammatory process
- Methotrexate (Theumatrex)
- Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)
- Etanercept (Enbrel)
- Infliximab (Remicade)
- Adalimumab (Humira)
50
Glucocorticoids
Provide symptomatic relief of inflammation and pain
Prednisone
Prednisolone
51
glucocorticoids side effects
```
Risk of infection
Osteoporosis
Adrenal suppression
Fluid retention
GI discomfort
Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia
```
52
glucocorticoids pt. education
- Do not skip doses!
- Monitor blood pressure
- Monitor Fluid and Electrolytes
- Monitor weight
- Monitor for signs of bleeding, GI discomfort
- Teach patient to take calcium supplements and maintain vitamin D levels.
