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Med Surg 2 > lupus > Flashcards

lupus Flashcards

1
Q

lupus erythematosus is

A

autoimmune disorder that causes an atypical immune response that results in chronic inflammation and destruction of healthy tissue.

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2
Q

Inflammation caused by lupus can affect

A

multiple organ systems such as the joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart, and lungs.

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3
Q

lupus is diagnosed by

A

no test, by s/s and butterfly rash

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4
Q

lupus chaterized

A
  • Lupus varies in severity and progression
  • Characterized by flare up and remission
  • Classified as discoid or systemic
  • Can be temporarily caused by medication
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5
Q

discoid lupus

A

affects skin

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6
Q

systemic lupus

A

affects connective tissues of multiple organ systems

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7
Q

Medication-induced lupus

A

caused by medication. Findings resolve when medication is discontinued

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8
Q

lupus risk factors

A

Female gender
Age between 15 and 40 years old
African American, Latino, or Asian ethnicity
Exposure to sunlight

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9
Q

lupus CM

A
  • mimic other disorders because they are associated with the normal aging process.
  • Joint pain
  • Risk for fractures because of corticosteroid
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10
Q

expected findings of lupus: what the pt. can describe

A
  • Fatigue/malaise
  • Alopecia
  • Blurred vision
  • Pleuritic pain
  • Anorexia/weight loss
  • Depression
  • Joint pain/swelling, tenderness
  • raynauds
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11
Q

lupus physical assessment findings

A
  • Fever: especially during flare ups
  • Anemia
  • Lymphadenopathy
  • Pericarditis: cardiac friction rub or pleural friction rub)
  • Raynaud’s phenomenon
  • Findings consistent with organ involvement (end stage) :
    Kidney, lungs, vasculature
  • Erythematous “butterfly” rash over nose and cheeks
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12
Q

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) contributing factors

A

Long term use of certain medications:
- Chlorpromazine
- Hydralazine
- Isoniazid
- Procainamide (Pronestyl)

  • Exposure to mercury
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13
Q

SLE characterized by

A
  • by remissions and exacerbations.
  • Erythematosus “butterfly rash” on both cheeks and across the bridge of the nose.
  • Rash deepens on exposure to sunlight
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14
Q

sle manifestations

A

Psychosis
Seizures
Migraines
Abdominal pain
Edema
Nephritis

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15
Q

nursing interventions for lupus

A
  • Monitor vitals signs, especially related to cardiovascular function.
  • Monitor urinary function.
  • Provide comfort measures.
  • Teach patients to use sunscreen, cover skin and head when exposed to sunlight.
  • Encourage periods of rest during the day.
  • Cleanse skin with mild soap and pat to dry; apply moisturizer.
  • Monitor for infection and teach measures to avoid crowds
  • s/s of infection
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16
Q

medications for lupus

A
  • NSAIDS to reduce inflammation: contraindicated for clients with renal compromise.
  • Corticosteroids for immunosuppression and to reduce inflammation.
  • Immunosuppressant agents; methotrexate, azathioprine (Imuran).
  • Antimalarial for suppression of fever and fatigue.
17
Q

lupus pt. education and referral

A
  • Instruct the patient to use sunscreen and wear protective clothing.
  • Encourage small, frequent meals if anorexia is present.
  • Limit salt intake for fluid retention secondary to steroid therapy and renal involvement.
  • Refer to support groups as appropriate.
18
Q

lupus nephritis

A
  • When SLE cannot be managed with immunosuppressants and corticosteroids, clients can experience chronic kidney disease resulting in needing a kidney transplant.
  • Leading cause of death related to SLE
19
Q

what to do to prevent infection

A
  • Monitor for periorbital and lower extremity swelling
  • Monitor for HTN
  • Follow labs for creatinine, BUN
  • Teach clients importance of taking immunosuppressants and corticosteroids as prescribed
  • Teach importance of avoiding stress and illness
20
Q

pericarditis and myocarditis

A

Inflammation of the heart, vessels, and surrounding sac secondary to SLE
- Monitor for chest pain, fatigue, arrhymias, fevers
- Instruct client to report chest pain
- Remind client to take immunosupressants and corticosteroids as prescribed
- Teach client to avoid stress and illness

Med Surg 2 (35 decks)

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