Med-Surg Chp 72 Caring for Clients With Dementia and Thought Disorders Flashcards
neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to perform calculations.
acalculia
neurotransmitter released at the nerve endings of parasympathetic nerve fibers, at some nerve endings in the sympathetic nervous system, and at nerve endings of skeletal muscles; also critical for memory and cognition.
acetylcholine
neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to recognize objects and sounds.
agnosia
neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to write.
agraphia
neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to read.
alexia
progressive, deteriorating brain disorder.
Alzheimer disease
clusters of amyloid protein fragments that stick together and damage neurons in the brain.
amyloid plaques
normal protein that resides partially inside and outside the cell membranes of neurons in the brain.
amyloid precursor protein
neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to speak.
aphasia
inability to accomplish activities of daily living, such as grooming, toileting, and eating, despite intact motor function.
apraxia
neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to walk.
ataxia
starchy component that accumulates in the brains of clients with Alzheimer disease and injures neurons in the area of the brain responsible for producing acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter that is critical for memory and cognition.
beta-amyloid
proteins in blood, spinal fluid, and other body fluids early in a disease process.
biomarkers
abilities of a person involving knowledge, understanding, and perception.
cognitive functions
responsibility for managing a client’s care and assets appointed by a court when the client is incompetent.
conservatorship
sudden, transient state of confusion.
delirium
fixed false beliefs that cannot be changed by logical reasoning and are often persecutory in nature.
delusions
gradual, irreversible loss of intellectual abilities.
dementia
deep intramuscular injections of drugs in an oil suspension that are gradually absorbed over 2 to 4 weeks.
depot injections
legal designation of a person to make decisions regarding finances or health care when a person becomes incompetent.
durable power of attorney
movement disorders associated with certain prescribed drugs.
extrapyramidal symptoms
neurotoxic neurotransmitter that contributes to neuronal cell death.
glutamate
unrealistic sense of self-importance.
grandiosity
court-appointed responsibility for managing a client’s care and assets when the client is incompetent.
guardianship
sensory experiences that others do not perceive; can be auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, or gustatory (involving taste).
hallucinations
legal term for the inability to understand the risks or benefits of decisions.
incompetent
mental activity.
mentation
impoverished speech and inability to enjoy relationships or express emotions that are characteristic of schizophrenia.
negative symptoms
twisted bundles of microtubules in brain cells.
neurofibrillary tangles
delusions, hallucinations, and fluent but disorganized speech that are characteristic of schizophrenia.
positive symptoms
use of family and friends for brief relief from caregiving responsibilities.
respite care
protective or adaptive devices for fall protection and postural support that the client can release independently.
restraint alternatives
thought disorder characterized by deterioration in mental functioning, disturbances in sensory perception, and changes in affect.
schizophrenia
abnormal protein that causes microtubules within neurons of the brain to clump together forming neurofibrillary tangles.
tau
technique used to halt a hallucination by saying “stop” or “be gone.”
voice dismissal
