Med-Surg Chp 60 Introduction to the Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

aspiration of synovial fluid

Answer 1

arthrocentesis

Question 2

imaging test where you receive a special contrast agent (often called dye) through injection.

Answer 2

arthrogram

Question 3

internal inspection of a joint by means of an instrument called an arthroscope

Answer 3

arthroscopy

Question 4

is done to identify the composition of bone, muscle, or synovium

Answer 4

biopsy

Question 5

study that uses the intravenous injection of a radionuclide to detect the uptake of the radioactive substance by the bone

Answer 5

bone scan

Question 6

a small sac filled with synovial fluid that reduces friction between tendon and bone and between tendon and ligament

Answer 6

bursa

Question 7

bony tissue that is light and contains many spaces

Answer 7

cancellous bone

Question 8

firm, dense connective tissue whose primary functions are to reduce friction between articular surfaces, absorb shocks, and reduce stress on joint surfaces

Answer 8

cartilage

Question 9

bony tissue that is dense and hard

Answer 9

cortical bone

Question 10

long shafts of bones in the arms and legs

Answer 10

diaphyses

Question 11

tests the electrical potential of the muscles and nerves leading to the muscles

Answer 11

Electromyography

Question 12

rounded, irregular ends of long bones

Answer 12

epiphyses

Question 13

the junction between two or more bones

Answer 13

joint

Question 14

fibrous tissue that connects two adjacent freely movable bones and helps protect joints by stabilizing their surfaces and keeping them in proper alignment

Answer 14

ligaments

Question 15

cells that build bones

Answer 15

osteoblasts

Question 16

cells involved in the destruction, resorption, and remodeling of bone

Answer 16

osteoclasts

Question 17

mature bone cells involved in maintaining bone tissue

Answer 17

osteocytes

Question 18

outer layer of bones that is rich in blood and lymph vessels and supplies the bone with nourishment

Answer 18

periosteum

Question 19

substance that manufactures blood cells and hemoglobin

Answer 19

red bone marrow

Question 20

voluntary muscles that promote movement of the bones of the skeleton

Answer 20

skeletal muscles

Question 21

cordlike structures that attach muscles to the periosteum of the bone

Answer 21

tendons

Question 22

bone marrow in long bones that consists primarily of fat cells and connective tissue

Answer 22

yellow bone marrow

Question 23

What does the musculoskeletal system consist of?

Answer 23

Bones
muscles
joints
tendons
ligaments
cartilage
bursae

Question 24

Bones in the human body

Answer 24

206

Question 25

what are the classification of bones

Answer 25

Short - Finger and Toes
Long - Femur and Ulna
Flat - Sternum
Irregular - Vertebrae

Question 26

Types of bony tissue

Answer 26

Cancellous - Spongy
Cortical - Compact

Question 27

Composition of bones

Answer 27

Cells
Proteins matrix
Mineral deposits

Question 28

Types of bone cells

Answer 28

Osteoblasts - cells that build bones

Osteocytes - mature bone cells

Osteoclasts - cells involved in the destruction, resorption, and remodeling the bone

Question 29

Three kinds of muscles

Answer 29

Skeletal - Voluntary
Smooth - Involuntary
Cardiac - Involuntary

Question 30

What are the types of joints

Answer 30

Synarthrodial Joint - Immoveable - suture lines in the skull

Amphiarthrodial joints
Synovial joints

Question 31

exaggerated convex curvature of the thoracic spine (HUMPBACK)

Answer 31

Kyphosis

Question 32

excessive concave curvature of the lumbar spine (SWAYBACK)

Answer 32

Lordosis

Question 33

Lateral curvature of the spine

Answer 33

Scoliosis

Question 34

Helps identify traumatic disorders (fractures, dislocations, and other bone disorders)

Answer 34

X-ray, CT, and MRI

Question 35

What actions do you take for a patient that is scheduled for a arthroscopy BEFORE the procedure

Answer 35

Explain

ensure the patient signed that informed consent

patient has been NPO for at least 6 hours

administer preoperative medication, if ordered

Question 36

What actions do you take for a patient that is scheduled for a arthroscopy AFTER the procedure

Answer 36

report unusual pain
Bleeding
drainage
swelling