Med-Surg Chp 62 Caring for Clients With Traumatic Musculoskeletal Injuries

Question 1

death of bone from an insufficient blood supply

Answer 1

avascular necrosis

Question 2

severe traumatic sprain in which a chip of bone to which a ligament is attached becomes detached

Answer 2

avulsion fracture

Question 3

healing mass that forms after a bone is fractured, which holds the ends of the bone together but cannot endure strain

Answer 3

callus

Question 4

term for a group of symptoms located in the wrist where the median nerve passes through a narrow, inelastic canal formed by the carpal bones

Answer 4

carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 5

symptoms such as severe pain that develop when a tendon or nerve is compressed within a confined space

Answer 5

compartment syndrome

Question 6

(1) soft tissue injury resulting from a blow or blunt trauma
(2) injury to the head that leads to gross structural injury to the brain and results in bruising and, sometimes, hemorrhage of superficial cerebral tissue

Answer 6

contusion

Question 7

injury in which the articular surfaces of a joint are no longer in contact

Answer 7

dislocations

Question 8

bruising

Answer 8

ecchymosis

Question 9

painful inflammation of the elbow

Answer 9

epicondylitis

Question 10

surgical incision of fascia and separation of muscle

Answer 10

fasciotomy

Question 11

A fracture is a break in the continuity of a bone

Answer 11

fracture

Question 12

mass that develops near tendon sheaths and joints of the wrist

Answer 12

ganglion cyst

Question 13

damaged cartilage

Answer 13

meniscectomy

Question 14

decreased sensation and movement

Answer 14

palsy

Question 15

shoulder joint where tears can develop from traumatic injury or chronic overuse

Answer 15

rotator cuff

Question 16

injuries to the ligaments surrounding a joint

Answer 16

sprains

Question 17

injury to a muscle when it is stretched or pulled beyond its capacity

Answer 17

strain

Question 18

partial dislocation

Answer 18

subluxation

Question 19

inflammation of a tendon caused by overuse

Answer 19

tendinitis

Question 20

claw-like deformity of the hand resulting from obstructed arterial blood flow to the forearm and hand

Answer 20

Volkmann contracture

Question 21

There are three types of strains

Answer 21

First degree—mild stretching of muscle or tendon, causing some edema and muscle spasm, but no real loss of function; pain occurs with full range of motion (ROM)

Second degree—partial tearing of muscle or tendon, leading to inability to bear weight, limited motion, and there is edema, muscle tenderness, muscle spasm, and ecchymosis (bruising)

Third degree—severe muscle and/or tendon tearing, causing severe pain, muscle spasm, ecchymosis, edema, and loss of function

Question 22

There are three types of Sprains

Answer 22

First degree—involves stretching of the ligament fibers, characterized by mild edema, tenderness, and pain if joint is moved

Second degree—involves partial tearing of the ligament with edema, pain with motion, joint instability, and some loss of function

Third degree—the ligament is torn or ruptured completely, with possible detachment of a fragment of bone (referred to as an avulsion fracture) and hematoma formation, which contributes to the severe pain, edema, and abnormal joint movement.

Question 23

signs and symptoms of a fracture

Answer 23

Pain
Loss of function
Deformity
False motion
Crepitus
Edema
Spasm