Med-Surg Chp 71 Caring for Clients With Substance Use Disorders Flashcards
repetitive pattern of drug seeking and substance abuse that interferes with work, relationships, and normal activities; also known as dependence.
addiction
chronic, progressive multisystem disease characterized by an inability to control the consumption of alcohol.
alcoholism
technique that deters a behavior by causing unpleasant physical reactions when the behavior occurs.
aversion therapy
periods of amnesia involving events and activities while consuming alcohol.
blackouts
chemical agents that slow brain and physiologic activity.
central nervous system depressants
chemical agents that accelerate physical and mental functions.
central nervous system stimulants
condition of needing to take a drug to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
chemical dependence
reduced pharmacologic effect when taking sedative-hypnotic drugs developed by alcoholics.
cross-tolerance
process of stabilizing a client with a sedative drug while alcohol is metabolized from their system.
detoxification
smoke given off by the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar and the exhaled smoke from the lungs of a smoker.
environmental tobacco smoke
repetition of substance abuse often leads to psychological and physical dependence, and, finally, addiction.
habituation
technique that involves substituting a synthetic addictive drug for another addicting drug to forestall withdrawal, avoid a toxic overdose, or reduce the potential for blood-borne infections.
methadone maintenance therapy
the number of persons who are sick with a particular disease in a specific population.
morbidity
the death rate or the ratio of the number of deaths for a specific population.
mortality
addiction to central nervous system depressant drugs (narcotics) that are either derived from or chemically similar to opium.
opioid dependence
abuse of more than one substance.
polydrug abuse
procedure for accelerating opioid drug withdrawal within 4 to 8 hours while the client is under anesthesia.
rapid opioid detoxification
(1) exacerbation of an illness
(2) return of a recovering alcoholic to drinking.
relapse
cluster of signs indicating sedative (alcohol) withdrawal; evidenced by body temperature greater than or equal to 100°F, pulse rate greater than or equal to 100 beats/min, or diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 100 mm Hg.
Rule of One Hundreds
given off by the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar and the exhaled smoke from the lungs of a smoker; also called passive smoking.
secondhand smoke
use of a drug that is different from its accepted purpose.
substance abuse
substance use disorders
condition in which a client needs larger doses of a drug to achieve the same effect as when the drug was first administered.
tolerance
physical symptoms or craving for a drug that occurs when a person abruptly stops using a drug that they have taken routinely for some time.
withdrawal
Central nervous system depressant
Lethargy
Slurred speech
Slowed motor reaction
Impaired judgment
Decreased social inhibition
Alcohol
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY
Nausea and vomiting, loss of coordination, belligerence, stupor, coma
Alcohol
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF WITHDRAWAL
Anxiety, agitation, elevated vital signs, hyperactive reflexes, tremors, diaphoresis, insomnia, hallucinations, seizures
Alcohol
Central nervous system stimulants
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Increased energy
Feeling of well-being
Insensitivity to pain and fatigue
Weight loss
Cocaine and methamphetamine
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF WITHDRAWAL
Restlessness, paranoia, irritability, auditory and tactile hallucinations, convulsions, respiratory or cardiac arrest
Cocaine and methamphetamine
Central nervous system stimulants
Depressed mood, lethargy, impaired concentration, craving for drug
Cocaine and methamphetamine
Central nervous system depressants
Initial brief rush of euphoria
Sedation
Reduced motivation, attention, and concentration
Altered sensitivity to stressors
Pain relief
Lowered vital signs, especially respiratory rate
Slowed peristalsis
Constricted pupils
Decreased interest in sex
Heroin and other opioids
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY
Respiratory depression, hypothermia, pinpoint pupils, coma
Heroin and other opioids
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF WITHDRAWAL
Yawning, runny nose, perspiration, goosebumps, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, dilated pupils, insomnia, elevated vital signs, drug craving
Heroin and other opioids
