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Tudor FC History > Mary stability monarchy > Flashcards

Mary stability monarchy Flashcards

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1
Q

when did Mary proclaim queen

A

July 1553

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2
Q

who supported Mary

A

Charles V + Simon Renard ( imperial ambassador)

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3
Q

how much influence did Simon reward hold?

A

virtually direct England affairs

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4
Q

what’s the protestant view of Mary

A

-cruel tyrant - torture + burning in enforcing Catholicism

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5
Q

3 issues surrounding female rule

A
  • unable to control factions + lead battles
  • marriage = husband would assume power
  • empress Matilda 12th century = civil war
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6
Q

timeline (of Mary’s ascension)

-what happened on 10 July

A

lady Jane grey proclaimed queen

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7
Q

timeline (of Mary’s ascension)

-11 July

A

northumberland leaves London + his sons unsuccessful intercepting Mary

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8
Q

timeline (of Mary’s ascension)

-13 July

A

northumberland believed enough strength to defeat Mary

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9
Q

how dangerous was northumberland’s attempted coup d’état for Mary ?

A
  • Mary had support Protestants in Norfolk despite religion
  • Henry has named her heir
  • northumberland no support privy council
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10
Q

what did Henry fear about Mary

A
  • war of roses - weak monarchy enabled ambitious ‘over mighty subjects’ to indulge
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11
Q

what was the financial issue for Mary

A

-inherited northumberland issues and gave away crown lands for monastic foundations

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12
Q

one example of Mary’s success in financial policy

A

1558 book of rates - increase custom revenue £29,000 to £85,000

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13
Q

BUT Marys success

A

Mary die before effect - Elizabeth enjoys success of Mary

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14
Q

who were the two candidates for Mary’s marriage ?

A

Edward Courtenay earl devon - supported by gardener

-Phillip spain - supported by Paget

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15
Q

why did Mary favour Phillip

A

closer link to habsburgs

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16
Q

when did Mary pass marriage treaty

A

7 October 1554

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17
Q

what did Gardiner do in response to Mary’s treaty

A

petition to hisses of commons

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18
Q

evidence from marriage that Mary in control

A

commons attempt to block via petition BUT 1554 mary signs marriage treaty

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19
Q

how was marriage treaty favourable to England

A

phillip has to respect peace w/ france ‘queen has total control of all offices, land = revenues

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20
Q

how did treaty prove female rule was a problem ?

A

treaty has to assert that mary would have total control = not a give rule

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21
Q

what is an example of instability caused by Mary’s marriage ?

A

James croft + sir Peter Carew lead rebellion (Wyatt’s rebellion)

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22
Q

CA to example causing instability in Mary’s marriage

A

rebellion blocked by ppl of London - support Mary

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23
Q

who specifically out of Phillip’s advisors in England was feared and why ?

A

friar alfonso de castro - authority on persecuting heretics

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24
Q

by 1559 what was said about Spanish in Mary’s court?

A

‘once scarce believe that so much mischief could be done in such a short time’

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25
Q

what treaty failed

A

1556 treaty of vaucelles (peace Scotland + france_

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26
Q

what happened in 1557

A

enters French x Spanish conflict

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27
Q

what was England facing

A

war on two fronts

28
Q

example one front

A

Scottish attack north

29
Q

what happened in 1557

A

capture St Quentin- success French 75,000 troops

30
Q

BUT January 1558

A

30,000 French defeat calais garrison = national disastor

31
Q

what did the French x Spanish conflict do for Mary’s reputation ?

A

last continental possession of calais lost = national defeat

32
Q

who did northumberland marry lady Jane grey to

A

Guildford dudley - eldest son ( maintain power)

33
Q

why did northumberland’s attempted coup d’état fail?

A
  • failed to arrest Mary + keep in custody

- underestimate Mary support

34
Q

what did northumberland do on 14 July

A

2000 men march to Suffolk but troops desert him

35
Q

where did Mary proclaim herself queen when lady Jane grey was queen

A

framlingham castle Suffolk

36
Q

what 2 acts did Mary pass

A

1553 and 1554 - confirm Marys legitimacy

37
Q

who was Wyatt

A

noble trusted by northumberland - made English representative 1550

38
Q

what religion was Wyatt

A

protestant but supported Mary until marriage w/ Phillip

39
Q

how many men did Wyatt raise in Kent

A

3000

40
Q

what did royal troops sent to Wyatt revolt do

A

desert to rebels

41
Q

how was Wyatt rebellion a success for Mary

A

defeated by gaining support ppl of land on to close off Wyatt – Mary refuses to flee capital = courageous

42
Q

what happened December 1554

A

heresy laws established

43
Q

1555 feb

A

first protestant burnt at stake - hooper second 5 days later

44
Q

who was executed march 1556

A

Cranmer

45
Q

what did Gardiner warn of before death

A

executions would harden opposition to Mary

46
Q

how many religious executions carried out in last 3 years

A

274

47
Q

what was pole made

A

December 1555 archbishop Canterbury

48
Q

what did privy council proclamation in 1558 show ?

A

‘Marian repression successes in creating core of English protestants’ - anti catholic books + pamphlets of calvinism + lutheranism spread

49
Q

Context Ambassadors:

A
  • loyal to their own country
  • position of trust from monarch
  • sent for business - negotiate treaties → find out info from court
  • credible sources - sent for info + trusted - role models for country
  • base letters on court gossip → factual info wrong - exaggeration - make info interesting
  • narrow sighted = don’t leave london → in extravagant part of london + monarch controls places seen
  • snapshot visit - fleeting tri
50
Q

what aided efficient of council during dispute against Phillip

A

1555 inner council

51
Q

what triggered clash Gardiner x Paget

A

revival heresy laws but Gardiner dies 1555

52
Q

John knox text - published so had support

A

-’the first blast of the trumpet against the monstrous regiment of women’ - John Knox - presbytarian

53
Q

what did Jonn Knox write about female rule

A

-wrote while in exile - ‘monstrous regiment = unnatural rule’ → argues goes against natural order - weak + foolish

54
Q

what’s Salic law

A

Salic law = law excludes females from dynastic succession - alleged fundamental law french monarchy

55
Q

what’s a coup d’état

A

take power → somerset first coup in henry’s will

56
Q

what’s a chronicle

A

⇒ diary written for someone to read → focuses only on interesting parts and personal bias

57
Q

who was Miles Hogarde

A

pro gov writer

58
Q

evidence to show that 1553 devise was organised by northumberland

A

marries son Guildford Dudley to Mary Jane grey

59
Q

BUT disprove evidence to show 1553 devise was organised by northumberland

A
  • professional force dismissed 1552 BUT northumberland would have arranged forces
  • would have ensured Mary captured ( but Mary in east anglia)
  • would have launched a propoganda campaign
60
Q

what allowed Mary to be queen

A

Henry VIII third succession act 1543

61
Q

why can Mary’s council be considered weak and ineffective

A

large council two leading councillors (Paget and Gardiner) support diff suits

62
Q

but why should Mary’s council instead be considered effective

A

1555 inner council streamlined + 1555 death Gardiner allowed pages to form conciliar gov

63
Q

who did Mary refer to when she mistrusted councillors due to factional struggles

A

Simon reward or cardinal pole

64
Q

who supported Courtenay

A

gardiner

65
Q

examples of support for Mary at Framlingham castle

A

Edward Mone tax collector = influential

Tudor FC History (30 decks)

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