Managing The Self Flashcards
_________ – any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice. (We have to be personally involved.)
Learning
Invokes change. We change into someone who is able to acquire knowledge/ skills/ values.
Learning
TRUE OR FALSE
Whatever we acquire as part of the learning process, nobody can take away from us.
TRUE
_________ refers to change in behavior potentiality (long-term)
Learning
Any kind of change in the way an organism behaves is ________.
learning
TRUE OR FALSE
When people learn anything, no physical change occurs in their brain.
FALSE
When people learn anything, some part of their brain is physically changed to record what they have learned.
___________ refers to the translation of this potentiality into behavior. (short-term)
Performance
________ & ________ is positively correlated with each other.
Learning / performance
A low degree of stress is associated with ________________.
low performance
High stress can set the system into fight-or-flight mode which leads to ___________ in the cortical areas where higher-level learning happens.
less brain activity
____________________ tend to correlate with the highest performance on tasks of any type.
Moderate levels of cortisol
_________ – hormone released when stressed.
Cortisol
TRUE OR FALSE
High degree stress can lead to high performance, while low degree stress can lead to low performance.
FALSE
What model shows the correlation between stress level and performance level?
Classic inverted-U curve
during stress, _______ is secreted
cortisol
Give at least five stresses of High Cortisol Levels
- Wired or fatigued
- High blood pressure
- Hyperglycemia
- Worsening memory and concentration
- Difficulty sleeping (insomnia)
- Decreased sex drive
- Erectile dysfunction
- Weight gain and obesity
- Weakened immune response
Give at least five symptoms of Adrenal fatigue (Low Cortisol Levels)
- Fatigue
- Worsening memory and concentration
- Difficulty sleeping (insomnia)
- Sugar and salt cravings
- Decreased sex drive
- Erectile dysfunction
- Depressed mood
- Weight gain
- Bone and muscle loss
- Anxiety
- Irritability
Fill in the blank
Addison’s (Adrenal sufficiency) – _______
Aldosterone– balances salt & water
Cushing’s – bloated/ moon face
posture
Fill in the blank
Addison’s (Adrenal sufficiency) – posture
Aldosterone– ____________
Cushing’s – bloated/ moon face
balances salt & water
Fill in the blank
Addison’s (Adrenal sufficiency) – posture
Aldosterone– balances salt & water
Cushing’s – bloated/ __________
moon face
Adrenal insufficiency. When body is not able to produce enough cortisol
Addison’s Disease
Adrenal glands (above kidneys) produce too little cortisol
Addison’s Disease
Postural hypotension
Addison’s Disease
When body is exposed to high levels of cortisol for a long period
Cushing’s Syndrome
Effects/ Symptoms include: Moon face, bruises easily & manipis na balat can eventually lead to osteoporosis.
Cushing’s Syndrome
Fat deposits on face & at the back of the shoulder
Cushing’s Syndrome
Can be caused by the use of oral corticosteroids (medicine with steroid contents)
Cushing’s Syndrome
LEARNING TYPES
____________ - learning without understanding e.g. memorization
For ex: asking kids to memorize the multiplication table
Rote Learning
LEARNING TYPES
__________ - is learning through establishing RELATIONSHIP.
Associational Learning
LEARNING TYPES
___________ - the adaptation of movement to stimuli relating to speed and precision of performance
Motor Learning
LEARNING TYPES
____________ - learning with understanding (one does not just read, and memorize; one sees connections)
Rational Learning
Associational Learning has two types:
Classical Conditioning & Operant Conditioning
LEARNING TYPES
____________ - process of acquiring attitudes, ideas, satisfaction, and judgment concerning values as well as the recognition of worth and importance which learner gains from activities.
Appreciational Learning
ASSOCIATIONAL LEARNING
We associate an involuntary response at a stimuli
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
ASSOCIATIONAL LEARNING
In Classical Conditioning, SRT refers to ___________________.
Stimulus-Response Theory
ASSOCIATIONAL LEARNING
Associates a voluntary behavior and a consequence
OPERANT CONDITIONING
ASSOCIATIONAL LEARNING
Consequence may be reward or reinforcement.
OPERANT CONDITIONING
____________ - Russian physiologist (person who studies the workings of the body) who discovered classical conditioning through his work on digestion in dogs.
Ivan Pavlov
_____________ - learning to make a reflex response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces the reflex.
Classical conditioning
______________ : A naturally occurring stimulus that leads to an involuntary response
Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
_____________ : Learned reflex response to a conditioned stimulus.
Conditioned response (CR)
______________ : Stimulus that becomes able to produce a learned reflex response by being paired with the original UCS.
Conditioned stimulus (CS)
_____________ : Stimulus that has no effect on the desired response.
Neutral stimulus (NS)
_________________ : An involuntary response to a naturally occurring or unconditioned stimulus.
Unconditioned response (UCR)
TRUE OR FALSE
It was only accidental for Pavlov to discover about Classical Conditional
TRUE
In Pavlov’s experiment, food was a ___________ at first but became ___________ when it was able to elicit an involuntary response– dog salivation.
neutral stimulus ; conditioned stimulus
_________ refers to the diminishing of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus occurs repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus.
Extinction
__________ is the learned ability to distinguish between CS and other irrelevant stimuli.
Discrimination
___________ is the tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus.
Generalization
___________ is the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response.
Spontaneous recovery
TRUE OR FALSE
It’s hard to remove something that we were used to. It is also hard to go back “sa nakasanayan”
FALSE
It’s hard to remove something that we were used to. Easy to go back “sa nakasanayan”
_____________ - the learning of voluntary behavior through the effects of pleasant and unpleasant consequences to responses.
Operant conditioning
____________ - law stating that if a response is followed by a pleasurable consequence, it will tend to be repeated, and if followed by an unpleasant consequence, it will tend not to be repeated.
Thorndike’s Law of Effect
______________ - any event or stimulus, that when following a response, increases the probability that the response will occur again.
Reinforcement
______________ - any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer, such as praise, tokens, or gold stars.
Secondary reinforcer
_______________ - any reinforcer that is naturally reinforcing by meeting a basic biological need, such as hunger, thirst, or touch.
Primary reinforcer
Increases likelihood to do it again.
REINFORCEMENT
______________ involves any stimulus that, when added to a situation, increases the probability that a given behavior will occur.
POSITIVE reinforcement
Two effects of reinforcement are:
strengthen the behavior and rewards the person
Two effects of reinforcement are:
strengthen the behavior and rewards the person
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL
Stopping at a red light to avoid getting in an accident.
Negative Reinforcement
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL
Mailing an income tax return by April 15 to avoid paying a penalty.
Negative Reinforcement
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL
Obeying a parent before the parent reaches the count of “three” to avoid getting a scolding.
Negative Reinforcement
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL
Losing the privilege of driving because you got into too many accidents.
Punishment by Removal
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL
Being “grounded” (losing your freedom) because of disobedience.
Punishment by Removal
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL
Having to lose some of your money to pay the penalty for late tax filing.
Punishment by Removal
Name at least 5 steps in improving one’s study habits
- Attend all classes.
- Take good notes.
- Study your lessons and other reading materials daily.
- Research to improve your background in the course.
- Develop a list of possible questions.
- Ask questions in class.
- Avoid a last minute cram session, and sleep at least 8 hours the night before the exams.
- Eat nutritious foods.
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
__________ to learn is proportional to the efficiency of learning.
Readiness
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
Also accompanied by your motivation
Readiness
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
________ - Using what has learned will help its likelihood to be recalled.
Exercise
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
Practice
Exercise
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
__________ - Learning is proportional to vividness of the process.
Vividness
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
Garbage in, garbage out. In other words, the input is also the output
Vividness
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
_________ - Most recent impression or association is more likely to be recalled.
Recency
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
Better recall for information on the one said latest
Recency
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
__________ - Knowledge encountered most often is more likely to be recalled.
Frequency
DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES
More exposure so better recall
Frequency
Name the six tips for New Normal in Learning
- Have a morning routine
- Tidy up and declutter
- Communicative study hours to family
- During class…
- Once you’re done with the class…
- If you have another class, stay on your desk
Name the seven tips for having a morning routine:
Wake up at least an hour before class
Do not use social media in the first 10 minutes of waking up
Drink one/ two glasses of water
Take a shower (cold is better in the morning)
Dress to study– no to pajamas/ everyday clothes!
Eat breakfast (eggs are a must-have)
Social media check-in (15mins)
Name the seven tips for tidying up and decluttering:
Have a clean study table/area
Attempt to have as little materials on the deck as possible
MUST HAVE: Pen and paper; one glass of water
NO NEED: Mobile phone
Pro-tip: uninstall social media apps while in online classes, then reinstall them after
Name the seven tips for communicative study hours to family and relatives:
At home we are expected to be children or respond to our siblings as brothers and sisters.
Inform your family members about your study schedule.
Create an “online class ongoing” zone at home.
Name the seven tips during class… :
Take down notes; screenshots also work, but notes work better
Avoid unnecessary “online” noise
Use private chat sparingly
Attempt not to discuss “off topic” conversations via chat
Name the seven tips once you’re done with the class… :
Keep and organize your written/typed notes
Reward yourself: take a walk, play games, or have a good meal!
Play with your younger siblings, or your pets, if you wish!
Name the seven tips If you have another class:
Stay on your desk because:
Momentum is important
Keep your study rhythm and focus
The rest of the day is yours!
States that video calls could be tiring because “we need to work harder to process non-verbal cues like facial expressions, the tone and pitch of paying more attention to these consumes a lot of energy.” (Jiang, 2020)
Video Call Fatigue
Every 20 minutes, for 20 seconds look 20 feet away. This is to help your eyes rest and refocus.
20-20-20 Rule
___________ – stress because of long time using technology/ digital
Technostress
__________ – a popular term for a relatively common reaction to being isolated or confined for an extended period of time.
Cabin fever
“What you do before and after your online class are as, if not more important than what you do _______.”
during
__________ exist in the environment and are not something felt by the person.
Reinforcers
