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UND_SELF > Managing The Self > Flashcards

Managing The Self Flashcards

1
Q

_________ – any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice. (We have to be personally involved.)

A

Learning

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2
Q

Invokes change. We change into someone who is able to acquire knowledge/ skills/ values.

A

Learning

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3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Whatever we acquire as part of the learning process, nobody can take away from us.

A

TRUE

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4
Q

_________ refers to change in behavior potentiality (long-term)

A

Learning

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5
Q

Any kind of change in the way an organism behaves is ________.

A

learning

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

When people learn anything, no physical change occurs in their brain.

A

FALSE

When people learn anything, some part of their brain is physically changed to record what they have learned.

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7
Q

___________ refers to the translation of this potentiality into behavior. (short-term)

A

Performance

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8
Q

________ & ________ is positively correlated with each other.

A

Learning / performance

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9
Q

A low degree of stress is associated with ________________.

A

low performance

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10
Q

High stress can set the system into fight-or-flight mode which leads to ___________ in the cortical areas where higher-level learning happens.

A

less brain activity

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11
Q

____________________ tend to correlate with the highest performance on tasks of any type.

A

Moderate levels of cortisol

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12
Q

_________ – hormone released when stressed.

A

Cortisol

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

High degree stress can lead to high performance, while low degree stress can lead to low performance.

A

FALSE

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14
Q

What model shows the correlation between stress level and performance level?

A

Classic inverted-U curve

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15
Q

during stress, _______ is secreted

A

cortisol

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16
Q

Give at least five stresses of High Cortisol Levels

A
  • Wired or fatigued
  • High blood pressure
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Worsening memory and concentration
  • Difficulty sleeping (insomnia)
  • Decreased sex drive
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Weight gain and obesity
  • Weakened immune response
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17
Q

Give at least five symptoms of Adrenal fatigue (Low Cortisol Levels)

A
  • Fatigue
  • Worsening memory and concentration
  • Difficulty sleeping (insomnia)
  • Sugar and salt cravings
  • Decreased sex drive
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Depressed mood
  • Weight gain
  • Bone and muscle loss
  • Anxiety
  • Irritability
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18
Q

Fill in the blank

Addison’s (Adrenal sufficiency) – _______
Aldosterone– balances salt & water
Cushing’s – bloated/ moon face

A

posture

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19
Q

Fill in the blank

Addison’s (Adrenal sufficiency) – posture
Aldosterone– ____________
Cushing’s – bloated/ moon face

A

balances salt & water

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20
Q

Fill in the blank

Addison’s (Adrenal sufficiency) – posture
Aldosterone– balances salt & water
Cushing’s – bloated/ __________

A

moon face

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21
Q

Adrenal insufficiency. When body is not able to produce enough cortisol

A

Addison’s Disease

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22
Q

Adrenal glands (above kidneys) produce too little cortisol

A

Addison’s Disease

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23
Q

Postural hypotension

A

Addison’s Disease

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24
Q

When body is exposed to high levels of cortisol for a long period

A

Cushing’s Syndrome

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25
Q

Effects/ Symptoms include: Moon face, bruises easily & manipis na balat can eventually lead to osteoporosis.

A

Cushing’s Syndrome

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26
Q

Fat deposits on face & at the back of the shoulder

A

Cushing’s Syndrome

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27
Q

Can be caused by the use of oral corticosteroids (medicine with steroid contents)

A

Cushing’s Syndrome

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28
Q

LEARNING TYPES

____________ - learning without understanding e.g. memorization
For ex: asking kids to memorize the multiplication table

A

Rote Learning

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29
Q

LEARNING TYPES

__________ - is learning through establishing RELATIONSHIP.

A

Associational Learning

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30
Q

LEARNING TYPES

___________ - the adaptation of movement to stimuli relating to speed and precision of performance

A

Motor Learning

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31
Q

LEARNING TYPES

____________ - learning with understanding (one does not just read, and memorize; one sees connections)

A

Rational Learning

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32
Q

Associational Learning has two types:

A

Classical Conditioning & Operant Conditioning

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33
Q

LEARNING TYPES

____________ - process of acquiring attitudes, ideas, satisfaction, and judgment concerning values as well as the recognition of worth and importance which learner gains from activities.

A

Appreciational Learning

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34
Q

ASSOCIATIONAL LEARNING

We associate an involuntary response at a stimuli

A

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

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35
Q

ASSOCIATIONAL LEARNING

In Classical Conditioning, SRT refers to ___________________.

A

Stimulus-Response Theory

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36
Q

ASSOCIATIONAL LEARNING

Associates a voluntary behavior and a consequence

A

OPERANT CONDITIONING

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37
Q

ASSOCIATIONAL LEARNING

Consequence may be reward or reinforcement.

A

OPERANT CONDITIONING

38
Q

____________ - Russian physiologist (person who studies the workings of the body) who discovered classical conditioning through his work on digestion in dogs.

A

Ivan Pavlov

39
Q

_____________ - learning to make a reflex response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces the reflex.

A

Classical conditioning

40
Q

______________ : A naturally occurring stimulus that leads to an involuntary response

A

Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

41
Q

_____________ : Learned reflex response to a conditioned stimulus.

A

Conditioned response (CR)

42
Q

______________ : Stimulus that becomes able to produce a learned reflex response by being paired with the original UCS.

A

Conditioned stimulus (CS)

43
Q

_____________ : Stimulus that has no effect on the desired response.

A

Neutral stimulus (NS)

44
Q

_________________ : An involuntary response to a naturally occurring or unconditioned stimulus.

A

Unconditioned response (UCR)

45
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

It was only accidental for Pavlov to discover about Classical Conditional

A

TRUE

46
Q

In Pavlov’s experiment, food was a ___________ at first but became ___________ when it was able to elicit an involuntary response– dog salivation.

A

neutral stimulus ; conditioned stimulus

47
Q

_________ refers to the diminishing of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus occurs repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus.

A

Extinction

48
Q

__________ is the learned ability to distinguish between CS and other irrelevant stimuli.

A

Discrimination

49
Q

___________ is the tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus.

A

Generalization

50
Q

___________ is the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response.

A

Spontaneous recovery

51
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

It’s hard to remove something that we were used to. It is also hard to go back “sa nakasanayan”

A

FALSE

It’s hard to remove something that we were used to. Easy to go back “sa nakasanayan”

52
Q

_____________ - the learning of voluntary behavior through the effects of pleasant and unpleasant consequences to responses.

A

Operant conditioning

53
Q

____________ - law stating that if a response is followed by a pleasurable consequence, it will tend to be repeated, and if followed by an unpleasant consequence, it will tend not to be repeated.

A

Thorndike’s Law of Effect

54
Q

______________ - any event or stimulus, that when following a response, increases the probability that the response will occur again.

A

Reinforcement

55
Q

______________ - any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer, such as praise, tokens, or gold stars.

A

Secondary reinforcer

56
Q

_______________ - any reinforcer that is naturally reinforcing by meeting a basic biological need, such as hunger, thirst, or touch.

A

Primary reinforcer

57
Q

Increases likelihood to do it again.

A

REINFORCEMENT

58
Q

______________ involves any stimulus that, when added to a situation, increases the probability that a given behavior will occur.

A

POSITIVE reinforcement

59
Q

Two effects of reinforcement are:

A

strengthen the behavior and rewards the person

60
Q

Two effects of reinforcement are:

A

strengthen the behavior and rewards the person

61
Q

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL

Stopping at a red light to avoid getting in an accident.

A

Negative Reinforcement

62
Q

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL

Mailing an income tax return by April 15 to avoid paying a penalty.

A

Negative Reinforcement

63
Q

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL

Obeying a parent before the parent reaches the count of “three” to avoid getting a scolding.

A

Negative Reinforcement

64
Q

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL

Losing the privilege of driving because you got into too many accidents.

A

Punishment by Removal

65
Q

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL

Being “grounded” (losing your freedom) because of disobedience.

A

Punishment by Removal

66
Q

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT BY REMOVAL

Having to lose some of your money to pay the penalty for late tax filing.

A

Punishment by Removal

67
Q

Name at least 5 steps in improving one’s study habits

A
  1. Attend all classes.
  2. Take good notes.
  3. Study your lessons and other reading materials daily.
  4. Research to improve your background in the course.
  5. Develop a list of possible questions.
  6. Ask questions in class.
  7. Avoid a last minute cram session, and sleep at least 8 hours the night before the exams.
  8. Eat nutritious foods.
68
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

__________ to learn is proportional to the efficiency of learning.

A

Readiness

69
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

Also accompanied by your motivation

A

Readiness

70
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

________ - Using what has learned will help its likelihood to be recalled.

A

Exercise

71
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

Practice

A

Exercise

72
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

__________ - Learning is proportional to vividness of the process.

A

Vividness

73
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

Garbage in, garbage out. In other words, the input is also the output

A

Vividness

74
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

_________ - Most recent impression or association is more likely to be recalled.

A

Recency

75
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

Better recall for information on the one said latest

A

Recency

76
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

__________ - Knowledge encountered most often is more likely to be recalled.

A

Frequency

77
Q

DIFFERENT LEARNING STYLES

More exposure so better recall

A

Frequency

78
Q

Name the six tips for New Normal in Learning

A
  1. Have a morning routine
  2. Tidy up and declutter
  3. Communicative study hours to family
  4. During class…
  5. Once you’re done with the class…
  6. If you have another class, stay on your desk
79
Q

Name the seven tips for having a morning routine:

A

Wake up at least an hour before class

Do not use social media in the first 10 minutes of waking up

Drink one/ two glasses of water

Take a shower (cold is better in the morning)

Dress to study– no to pajamas/ everyday clothes!

Eat breakfast (eggs are a must-have)

Social media check-in (15mins)

80
Q

Name the seven tips for tidying up and decluttering:

A

Have a clean study table/area

Attempt to have as little materials on the deck as possible

MUST HAVE: Pen and paper; one glass of water

NO NEED: Mobile phone

Pro-tip: uninstall social media apps while in online classes, then reinstall them after

81
Q

Name the seven tips for communicative study hours to family and relatives:

A

At home we are expected to be children or respond to our siblings as brothers and sisters.

Inform your family members about your study schedule.

Create an “online class ongoing” zone at home.

82
Q

Name the seven tips during class… :

A

Take down notes; screenshots also work, but notes work better

Avoid unnecessary “online” noise

Use private chat sparingly

Attempt not to discuss “off topic” conversations via chat

83
Q

Name the seven tips once you’re done with the class… :

A

Keep and organize your written/typed notes

Reward yourself: take a walk, play games, or have a good meal!

Play with your younger siblings, or your pets, if you wish!

84
Q

Name the seven tips If you have another class:

A

Stay on your desk because:

Momentum is important

Keep your study rhythm and focus

The rest of the day is yours!

85
Q

States that video calls could be tiring because “we need to work harder to process non-verbal cues like facial expressions, the tone and pitch of paying more attention to these consumes a lot of energy.” (Jiang, 2020)

A

Video Call Fatigue

86
Q

Every 20 minutes, for 20 seconds look 20 feet away. This is to help your eyes rest and refocus.

A

20-20-20 Rule

87
Q

___________ – stress because of long time using technology/ digital

A

Technostress

88
Q

__________ – a popular term for a relatively common reaction to being isolated or confined for an extended period of time.

A

Cabin fever

89
Q

“What you do before and after your online class are as, if not more important than what you do _______.”

A

during

90
Q

__________ exist in the environment and are not something felt by the person.

A

Reinforcers

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