Malott 24

Question 1

performance management rule #1

Answer 1

put it in writing

Question 2

performance management rule #2

Answer 2

have effective behavioral consequences

Question 3

performance management rule #3

Answer 3

monitor performance once a week

Question 4

performance management rule #4

Answer 4

specify contingencies clearly

Question 5

performance contract

Answer 5

a written rule statement describing the desired or undesired behavior, the occasion when the behavior should/should not occur, and the added outcome for that behavior

Question 6

operant control

Answer 6

control by immediate consequences of our actions

Question 7

respondent control

Answer 7

control by eliciting stimuli

Question 8

indirect acting contingencies

Answer 8

outcomes are delayed

Question 9

direct-acting contingency of rules

Answer 9

most rules are not direct-acting, but doing them takes away the aversiveness of not following a rule, and that part of it is direct

Question 10

conventional interpretation of rule statements

Answer 10

rules are an SD, in the presence of which you can receive reinforcement or punishment (doesn’t make sense, because there would have to be an Sdelta and there isn’t)

Question 11

mythical cause of poor self management

Answer 11

poor self management occurs because immediate outcomes control our behavior better than delayed outcomes do (instant gratification)

Question 12

rules that are easy to follow

Answer 12

describe outcomes that are both sizable and probable; delay isn’t crucial

Question 13

rules that are hard to follow

Answer 13

describe outcomes that are either too small or too improbable; delay isn’t crucial

Question 14

basic principles

Answer 14

reinforcement, punishment, stimulus control

Question 15

higher-order principles

Answer 15

the conditions that make basic principles hard or easy to follow

Question 16

real cause of poor self management

Answer 16

poor self management results from poor control by rules describing outcomes that are either too small or too improbable; delay isn’t crucial

Question 17

direct acting- effective

Answer 17

outcomes are immediate, probable, sizable

Question 18

indirect acting- effective

Answer 18

outcomes are probable, sizable, delayed

Question 19

ineffective

Answer 19

outcomes are improbable or small but cumulative

Question 20

why we miss deadlines

Answer 20

it’s not aversive if we think we have time (we’re just wrong)

Question 21

when to use performance management

Answer 21

when natural contingencies do not effectively support the appropriate behavior

Question 22

natural contingencies

Answer 22

contingencies present in everyday life

Question 23

appropriate behavior

Answer 23

increases individual’s/group’s long-range contact with beneficial conditions and decreases contact with harmful conditions

Question 24

how to manage performance of nonverbal clients

Answer 24

add direct-acting contingencies to supplement the ineffective natural contingencies and/or remove undesirable natural contingencies

Question 25

how to manage performance of verbal clients

Answer 25

add indirect-acting contingencies (that are easy to follow) to ineffective natural contingencies (that are hard to follow)

Question 26

pairing operation

Answer 26

when noncompliance to a rule becomes a learned aversive before condition that you want to get out of by adhering to the rule- noncompliance produces aversive thoughts

Question 27

three-contingency model of performance management

Answer 27

ineffective natural contingency + effective indirect-acting performance-management contingency + effective direct-acting contingency (aversive thoughts)