Malott 23

Question 1

process vs product

Answer 1

give feedback and reinforcers for the details of the process (feedback on how they play vs on whether they won the game)

Question 2

task analysis

Answer 2

analysis of complex behavior and sequences of behavior into component responses (used for figuring out how to teach and give feedback)

Question 3

feedback

Answer 3

nonverbal stimuli or verbal statements contingent on past behavior that can guide future behavior- an SD relevant to the type of behavior that brings it about (better if you give feedback before the next trial rather than after the last one)

Question 4

multiple-baseline design

Answer 4

an experimental design in which the replications involve baselines of differing durations and interventions of differing starting times (gives more security in knowing the intervention actually made the difference)

Question 5

covert behavior

Answer 5

private behavior- not visible to outside observer (ex: thinking)

Question 6

intuition

Answer 6

control by a concept or set of contingencies the person does not define or describe (ex: learning a language by immersion)

Question 7

shifting from rule control to contingency control

Answer 7

with repetition of the response, control often shifts from control by the rule describing a direct-acting contingency to control by the direct-acting contingency itself (intuition)

Question 8

reinforceable response unit

Answer 8

a response/sequence of responses with no disruptions greater than 60 seconds within that response/sequence; a reinforcer delivered at the end of a unit will reinforce the whole unit

Question 9

conditional stimulus

Answer 9

elements of a stimulus have their value or function only when they are combined; otherwise the individual elements are relatively neutral

Question 10

direct acting vs indirect-acting contingencies

Answer 10

direct-acting could be used with a nonverbal animal; indirect-acting is rule governed

Question 11

rule-governed analog to avoidance of the loss of the opportunity to receive a reinforcer

Answer 11

behavior is governed by a rule that tells you if you do it (by a deadline) you’ll receive something and if not, you won’t. so you do it to avoid the loss of this reinforcer

Question 12

rule-governed analog to a reinforceable response unit

Answer 12

a response unit, but with disruptions of 60 seconds (ex: when studying you will take some 60 second breaks)