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HumanBioSciences > male reproductive system > Flashcards

male reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

testes

A

produce sperm and sex hormones

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2
Q

epididymis

A

ducts where sperm mature and some sperm are stored

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3
Q

vasa deferentia

A

conduct and store sperm

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4
Q

seminal vesicles

A

contribute nutrients and fluid to semen

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5
Q

prostate gland

A

contribute fluid to semen

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6
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

contribute mucus-containing fluid to semen

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7
Q

urethra

A

conducts sperm

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8
Q

penis

A

an organ of sexual intercourse. introduces semen to vagina during intercourse

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9
Q

wall of scrotum

A

dartos and cremaster muscle

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10
Q

dartos

A

a thin smooth muscle layer wrinkles the scrotal surface

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11
Q

cremaster muscle

A

a skeletal muscle pulls testes closer to the body to ensure proper temp for sperm

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12
Q

tunica albuginea

A

a dense fibrous capsule that surrounds each testis. it folds in to divide lobules

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13
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

site of sperm production

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14
Q

interstitial cells

A

found between tubules and produce testosterone

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15
Q

epididymis

A

beginning of the male reproductive tract . recycles damaged spermatozoa

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16
Q

sperm pass through _________ and ________ and enters the epididymis

A

rete testis and efferent ductules

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17
Q

undescended testis is also known as

A

cryptorchidism

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18
Q

what happens when a male has cryptorchidism

A

an undescended testicle is a testicle that hasn’t moved into its proper position in scrotum before birth

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19
Q

complications of undescended testis

A

fertility issues

testicular carcinoma

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20
Q

what is spermatogenesis

A

sperm production

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21
Q

spermatogenesis occurs in

A

seminiferous tubules

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22
Q

describe what happens during spermatogenesis

A

each division of seminiferous tubules produces daughter cell that is pushed into the lumen of the tubule

23
Q

spermatogenesis inculdes

A

mitosis of stem cells

meiosis

spermiogenesis

24
Q

spermatogenesis vs spermiogenesis

A

production, physical maturation

25
Q

head of the sperm contains

A

nucleus with chromosomes

26
Q

acrosome tip has

A

enzymes to penetrate the oocyte

27
Q

the middle piece of sperm contains

A

mitochondria to provide energy for movement

28
Q

flagellum

A

move sperm from one place to another

29
Q

how long does it take for spermatozoa to travel through the epididymis

A

2 weeks

30
Q

the ductus deferens is also known as

A

VANS DEFERENS

31
Q

route of sperm

A 
seminiferous tubules 
epididymis 
ductus deferens 
ejaculatory duct 
penis
32
Q

accessory glands of the male reproductive system include

A

Seminal glands, prostate gland and bulbourethral glands

33
Q

functions fo the accessory glands

A

produce a fluid component of semen, activating spermatozoa.

provides nutrients for motility.

generating peristaltic contractions to propel sperm
and semen.

producing buffers to counteract acidic environment of urethra and vagina

34
Q

the function of prostatic fluid- seminalplasmin

A

protein with antibiotic properties

appears to help prevent UTI

35
Q

clinical importance associate with prostate gland

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia occurs in elderly men

the enlarged prostatic gland may lead to urinary obstruction

36
Q

how can benign prostate be treated?

A

surgically treated by transurethral prostatectomy

37
Q

pH of seminal gland secretion

A

alkaline (to buffer acid environments)

38
Q

Components of seminal gland secretions

A

fructose, prostaglandins, fibrinogen

39
Q

functions of fructose (Seminal Gland)

A

for metabolism by sperm

40
Q

functions of prostaglandins (seminal gland)

A

stimulate smooth muscle in tract

41
Q

functions of fibrinogen (seminal gland)

A

forms semen clot in vagina

42
Q

pH of prostate gland secretion

A

acidic

43
Q

seminal gland provides fluid that initiate the ____________________________

A

development of sperm motility (capacitation )

44
Q

the prostate gland secretion has __________

A

seminalplasmin (antibiotic property)

45
Q

function of prostate gland secretion (seminalplasmin)

A

prevent UTIs

46
Q

the bulbourethral gland secretion (ph)

A

alkaline

thick mucus

47
Q

functions of the bulbourethral secretion

A

buffers acidic environment (ph ALKALINE)

Lubricates glands of penis

48
Q

what are the three regions of the penis

A
  1. root: fixed portion connected to body wall
  2. body: contains erectile tisse
  3. Glans
49
Q

what are the two smooth muscle ic of erecting the penis

A

two corpora cavernosa

corpus spongiosum

50
Q

describe how male hormones are produces

A

GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone ) secreted by hypothalamus triggers release of FSH and LH from anterior pituitary.

FSH targets nurse cells to trigger spermatogenesis.

LH causes interstitial cells to secrete testosterone

51
Q

functions of testosterone

A

maintains libido and stimulates aggression

stimulates bone and muscle growth

establishes and maintains male secondary sex characteristics

maintains accessory glands and organs of the male reproductive system

52
Q

lack of testoesterone

A

hypogonadism

53
Q

treatment for hypogonadism

A

testosterone replacement therapy.

HumanBioSciences (20 decks)

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