Male Reproductive 14 Flashcards
bulbourethral glands
the two glands inferior to (below) the prostate gland that secrete a sticky fluid that becomes a component of semen
ejaculation
action of ejecting semen from the genital ducts to the exterior
epididymis
long coiled duct located on the posterior surface (behind) each testis that stores, matures, and transports sperm between the testis and ductus deferens
gamete
any sex cell; male sperm cell or female oocyte
gonad
organ that produces gametes; a male testis or female ovary
penis
external male organ used in urination and sexual intercourse
glans penis
rounded tip at the end of the penis
prepuce; foreskin
fold of skin that covers the glans penis in uncircumcised males
prostate gland; prostate
gland that surrounds the beginning of the urethra (immediately inferior to the bladder) that secretes a fluid that becomes part of semen
scrotum
sac (pouch) that is suspended on either side of and behind the penis that encloses the testes and epididymis
semen
viscous fluid containing sperm and secretions of the testes and seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands
seminal vesicles; seminal glands
two glands posterior to the urinary bladder that produce seminal fluid, which becomes a component of semen
seminiferous tubules
coiled tubes in the testes where spermatozoa are formed
sperm; spermatozoon
male sex cell produced by the testes that can fertilize an oocyte in a female to produce offspring
spermatic cord
cord-like structure consisting of a bundle of nerves, ducts, and blood vessels extending from the deep inguinal ring through the inguinal canal into the scrotum
testis; testicle
one of two oval male gonads (reproductive organs) located in the scrotum that produce sperm and testosterone
testosterone
male hormone produced by the testes
vas deferens; ductus deferens
duct that carries spermatozoa from the epididymis to the urethra
andr/o
male
balan/o
glans penis
epididym/o
epididymis
orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o
testis, testicle
prostat
prostate
sperm/o, spermat/o
sperm, spermatozoon
test/o, testicul/o
testis, testicle
vas/o
duct, vessel, vas deferens
vesicul/o
fluid-filled sac (seminal vesicle)
an-
without, not
andro-
masculine, male
crypt-
hidden
-cele
herniation, protrusion
-genesis
originating, producing
-ism
condition of
-lith
stone, calculus
-lysis
destruction, breakdown, separation
-pathy
disease
-pexy
surgical fixation
-plasty
surgical repair, reconstruction
-rrhea
flow, discharge
-stomy
surgical opening
-tomy
incision
balanic
pertaining to the glans penis
coitus
sexual intercourse
condom
sheath for the penis worn during intercourse to prevent conception (fertilization of oocyte by a sperm) or infection
ejaculation
expulsion of semen from the male urethra
epididymal
pertaining to the epididymis
prostatic
pertaining to the prostate
puberty
period of development when secondary sex characteristics (physical characteristic typical to a male or female such as men’s beards and women’s breasts) develop and the ability to reproduce begins
spermatic
pertaining to sperm
spermicide
substance that kills spermatozoa
testicular
pertaining to a testicle
andropathy
disease only found in males
anorchism
absence of the testes; may be congenital or acquired
aspermia
absence of sperm; inability to produce sperm
balanitis
inflammation of the glans penis
balanorrhea
abnormal discharge from the glans penis
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
enlargement of the prostate gland
cryptorchidism
condition of hidden testis (or testes); failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum before birth
epididymitis
inflammation of the epididymis
erectile dysfunction (ED)
inability of a man to attain or maintain an erection
hydrocele
accumulation of fluid in the scrotum
oligspermia
deficiency of sperm in the semen
orchitis; testitis
inflammation of a testis or testicle
Peyronie disease
condition of abnormal fibrous tissue in the erectile tissues of the penis, causing penile bending and pain during erection
phimosis
narrowing of the penis foreskin opening that prevents it from being retracted over the glans penis
priapism
abnormal persistent and painful erection of the penis
prostatic calculus; prostatolith
stone formed in the prostate gland
prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate gland
prostatorrhea
discharge from the prostate gland
spermatocele
sperm-containing cyst in the epididymis
testicular torsion
twisting of the spermatic cord, causing a decrease in blood flow to the penis
varicocele
enlargement of veins in the spermatic cord
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
disease of the immune system caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
chlamydia
bacterial sexually transmitted disease that can occur with no symptoms (sometimes referred to as the silent sexually transmitted disease) until it progresses to where it damages organs; the most common STD in the US
condyloma
a wart-like lesion on the genitals
genital herpes
inflammatory sexually transmitted disease caused by the herpes simplex virus; symptoms include blisters or ulcerative lesions on the genitals
gonorrhea
contagious, inflammatory, sexually transmitted disease affecting mucous membranes of the genitals and urinary system
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
a virus that weakens the body’s immune system and can cause AIDS
human papillomavirus (HPV)
viral sexually transmitted disease that causes genital warts and other symptoms
sexually transmitted disease (STD); venereal disease (VD), sexually transmitted infection
any contagious disease acquired during sexual contact
syphilis
bacterial sexually transmitted disease that causes sores called chancres; can spread to other parts of the body
prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test
blood test that measures the amount of an enzyme released by the prostate gland known as prostate-specific antigen; increased levels indicate benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer
digital rectal examination (DRE)
assessment done by inserting a finger into the male rectum to determine the size and shape of the prostate gland through the rectum wall
transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)
ultrasound imaging of the prostate gland done through the rectum
balanoplasty
surgical repair or reconstruction of the glans penis
circumcision
operation to remove the prepuce (foreskin) from the penis
epididymectomy
operation to remove the epididymis
orchiectomy; orchidectomy
removal of one or both testes
orchiopexy; orchidopexy
surgical treatment of an undescended testicle by freeing it and implementing it into the scrotum
orchiotomy; orchotomy
incision into a testis
orchioplasty
surgical repair or reconstruction of a testis
penile implant
device that is surgically placed in the penis to produce an erection; used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED)
prostatectomy
surgical procedure to remove all or part of the prostate
prostatolithotomy
incision into the prostate to remove a stone
transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP or TIP)
surgical procedure for treating prostate gland enlargement by making one or two small incisions in the prostate to improve urine flow
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
removal of the prostate through the urethra using a resectoscope; used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia
vasectomy
surgical excising and closing off (ligating) of a segment of each vas deferens (ductus deferens) to cause male sterility
vasovasostomy
surgical reconnecting of the vasa deferentia in a male with a vasectomy to restore fertility; vasectomy reversal operation
vesiculectomy
surgical removal of a part or all of a seminal vesicle
antiretroviral
drug used for the treatment of infection by a retrovirus, primarily human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
antiviral
drug used specifically for treating viral infections
impotence agent
drug used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED)
vasodilator
drug used to open blood vessels; may be used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy and erectile dysfunction
urology
medical speciality focusing on the study and treatment of conditions of the urinary system and male reproductive system
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia; benign prostatic hypertrophy
DRE
digital rectal examination
ED
erectile dysfunction
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
HPV
human papillomavirus
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
STD
sexually transmitted disease
STI
sexually transmitted infection
TIP
transurethral incision of the prostate
TRUS
transurethral resection of the prostate
VD
venereal disease
