Male Repro Exam Flashcards
What are the most common reasons for classifying a bull as reproductively “unsound”?
- poor semen quality- low serving capacity- below scrotal circumference threshold- physically unsound
When should male repro tract be examined?
- 6-8 weeks pre-mating - in response to a repro problem
What tests should always be done when evaluating male fertility?
- clinical history- PE- genital examination - interpretation of results
What optional additional tests can be performed to evaluate male fertility?
- semen evaluation - mating ability/libido - other tests
What are the main aspects of the clinical examination?
- +- TPR, full clinical exam - teeth, toes , BCS
What external lesion of the scrotum are rams predisposed to?
scrotal mange
What should be considered when palpating testes?
- size- tone/consistency- lesions/symmetry
What is testicular tone a good indication of? What should a testicle feel like?
sperm ouotput and breeding soundness - flexed bicep tone
What type of lesions may be present in young animals testicles?
Congenital abnomlaities
How may epidydmo-orchitis or epidydmitis occour?
> infectious- penetrating wound- haemoogenous- retrograde infection> iatrogenic
does epidydmitis resolve ?
No
What lesions may be present in the scrotal LNs?
caseous lymphadenitis in rams
How is semen evaluated?
- grossly - motility- morphology %normal/abnormal- presence of WBCs - +- concentration and bacterial culture
How is mating ability and libido evaluated?
- in yard or paddock> useful to assess- ability to moun- ability to mate- penile abnomaltities - leg or back injuries will be exacerbated
Why is libido testing controversial?
- may be influenced by age, shyness of new situation, place in hierarchy - can use mating harness to assess libido during mating
