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Reproduction > Bacterial Infections Pregnant Uterus > Flashcards

Bacterial Infections Pregnant Uterus Flashcards

1
Q

What re the 3 sources of infection of the genita tract?

A
  • Venereal transmission eg. CEMO (contagious equine metritits0
  • Endogenous eg. s. zooepidemicus on mucosal surfaces
  • Environmental eg. B licheniformis (spores in hay, soil etc.)
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2
Q

Give some bacterial causes of bovine abortion

A
  • Leptospira hardjo
  • Salmonella Dublin
  • Bacillus LIcheniformis
  • Brucela abortus and meitensis
  • Mycoses
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3
Q

What problems may leptospira organisms cause?

A
  • abortion
  • v milk yield
  • infertility
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4
Q

What is the reservoir of leptospira?

A
  • cattle and sheep co-grazing
  • water
  • shared bull/new animals
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5
Q

How is leptospira diagnosed and what else is important to mention to the ownr?

A
  • paired herd serology testing (check for ^ Abs over time)
  • it is zoonotic
  • 77% herds are infected
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6
Q

How do letopira appear on dark field microscopy?

A
  • light as stain doesnt stick (too thin)

- highly motile

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7
Q

Describe bacillus licheniforms

A
  • aerobic
  • G+ spore forming rod
  • opportunistic environmental organism
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8
Q

What type of disease dows bacillus licheniformis cause?

A
  • sporadic abortion
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9
Q

Why may bacillus licheniformis be difficult to Dx with cultrue etc.?

A

from the environment so sample of aborted material likely to be easily contaminated!!

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10
Q

Is brucella abortus common in UK?

A

Eradicated!!

- present in Ireland and parts of Europe

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11
Q

Pathogenesis of brucella abortus?

A
  • zoonotic causes undulant fever in humans
  • chronic infections, granulomatous lesions, migration to placenta (erythritol sugar alcohol - not sure of relevance!?)
  • causes placentitis leading to abortion
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12
Q

Describe brucella abortus

A

Delicate G-ve cocco-acillus

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13
Q

What is used to stain brue=cella abortus?

A

Kosters stain

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14
Q

WHat is salmonella cultured in?

A

XLD medium

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15
Q

How may fungal abortino be distinguished?

A

Distinctive lesions on aborted foetuses

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16
Q

What is the cause of bovine infectious infertility?

A
  • campylobacter fetus venerealis (G- rod)
17
Q

Where is campylobacter fetus venerealis found and what is the pathophysiology?

A
  • mms and prepuce of bul - lifelong asymptomatic infection

- infection of COW causes catarrhal inflammation of the genital tract, endometritits, inflammation and abortion

18
Q

How may bovine infectious infertility be detected?

A
  • culture of sheath washings or abortion products
19
Q

What are the causes on bovine non-specific post partum endometritits? What pathology does this disease cause?

A
  • Trueperella
  • E. COli
  • Enterococcus feacalis
  • Anaerobes eg. bacteroides sp.
  • > Bovine pyometra
20
Q

What 2 pathogens are mainly responsible for ovine abortion?

A
  • Toxoplasma

- Clamydophila

21
Q

When does chlamydophila cause abortion?

A

Late pregnancy

22
Q

How does chlamydophila infect cells?

A

Obligate intracellular pathogen, causes persistnet infection

23
Q

Does chlamyophila affect subsequent fertility?

A

No

24
Q

What is the reservoir of chlamydophila and how is it spread?

A
  • sheep, feaces, birds, pasture reservoir

- Venereal or oral transmission

25
Q

How may chlamydophila be detected?

A

Antigen detection by ELISA and Kosters (modified ZN) stain or PCR

26
Q

Can chlamydophila be vaccinated against?

A

Yes, will prevent new cases but not clear established infection

27
Q

Where does chlamydophila mature/

A

In RBCs

28
Q

Where is camyplobacter foetus foetus found/reservoir? How does this eventually cause abortion?

A

INtestinal tract and feaces

- consumed, causes bacteraemia and ends up in placenta -> abortion

29
Q

What are the 2 pathogens that cause pyometra and endometritits in dogs?

A
  • Coliforms eg. E.Coli

- B-haemolytic strep (eg. S. Canis, S, zooepidemicus)

30
Q

WHat pathogens commonly cause prostatitis in dogs?

A
  • non specific infection

- E. Coli, proteus, strep, staph, mycoplasma felis

31
Q

Which is the commonest pathogen to cause abortion in mares? What is its classification?

A

S zooepidemicus (B haemolytic strep, lancefield group C)

32
Q

What casues CEM in horses?

A

Taylorella Equigenitalis

33
Q

How does CEM infection differ to brucella?

A

CEM = acute, contagious, venereal transmission

Brucella can persist undetected

34
Q

WHat clinical signs does CEM cause?

A 
MARE
- metritits
- cervicitis
- discharge 10-14d after breeding 
STALLION
- asymptomatic
35
Q

Where is CEM endemic?

A

Non-TBs in EUrope

36
Q

What pathogen causes equine metritis? What may this ultimately cause and where is the reservoir?

A

Klebsiella pnumoniae

  • enteric bacteria
  • causes abortion
37
Q

Which pathogens must be tested by culturing to demonstrate freedom from infection before breeding?

A

Klebsiella pnumoniae

Pseudomonas aeroguinosa

Reproduction (30 decks)

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