Male Genital Flashcards
What can cause persistent erections?
MS, Sickle cell, DM, spinal cord injuries, leukemia
What are some things that cause increase temp of scrotum?
tight pants, briefs, hot baths, high temp environments, prolonged sitting
What is contracture of penis?
peyronie disease
What are risk factors for penile cancer?
lack of circumcision phimosis HPV infection increased age smoking HIV infection UV light for psoriasis
What are risk factors for testicular cancer?
undescended testicle personal hx of testicular CA abnormal testicle development - klinefelter age 20-54 White race
How do you examine the penis?
Retract the foreskin if patient is uncircumcised.
Glans of the penis (color, smegma); urethral meatus for discharge
Palpate penis for tenderness, induration.
Strip the urethra for discharge.
What is the white stuff that is in uncircumsized penises?
smegma
What do you always need to do after palpate and striping the penis?
reposition the foreskin
What are the four characteristics you need to note for the scrotum?
color, texture, symmetry, thickness
How do you do the cremasteric reflex?
stroke thigh with blunt instrument and same side testical will rise
soft swelling in area of internal ring, and is palpable within the inguinal canal, when in comes down canal and touches fingertip on exam.
indirect hernia
How are indirect hernias likely to occur?
bilaterally
a bulge in the area of Hesselbach triangle, and is palpable medial to the canal, pushing against side of finger on exam. It is usually easily reduced.
direct hernia
What is a mass that transilluminates but does not change in size?
fluid filled hydrocele
What is a mass that does not transilluminate but changes in size?
hernia
What is a mass that does not illuminate or change in sixe?
incarcerated hernia - Surgical emergency
What is testicular torsion?
twisting of testes on spermatic cord
What is hypospadias?
congenital defect where urethral meatus located on ventral surface of glans penis
What is variocele?
bag of worms - dilation of veins of the pampiform plexus
What is klinefelter syndrome?
XXY
What does the cremasteric reflex help to do?
regulate testes temp
What is smegma?
collection of sebacaous material
Which side has the lower scrotal sac?
left
What is the term for the testes failing to descend?
cryptorchidism
What can phimosis be related to?
DM
What can cause testes insensitivity?
syphilis or DM
What is absent in testicular torsion?
cremasteric reflex
What is the most common type of hernia?
indirect
