Ears, Nose, Throat Flashcards
What is the largest sinus?
maxillary
What sinus is in the forehead?
frontal
What are sinuses lined with?
respiratory epithelium joined to nasal cavity via ostia
How many teeth do kids have from 6-24 mo?
20
How many permanent teeth do we have and when do we get them?
32 teeth, 6 yo
What causes pain in OE?
push on tragus
pull up and down on pinna
occlude one ear and speak softly into other
whisper test
pt eyes closed, hands beside ear, rub finger one at a time and say which ear
finger rub test
What is rinne test?
BC vs AC
What is a positive rinne?
AC>BC
What is a negative rinne?
BC>AC = conductive hearling loss
What is weber test?
fork in middle head
What does lateralized = in weber?
hearing loss
Where does weber go in conductive hearing loss?
affected side
What is weber go in SNHL?
unaffected
What are the different speculum sizes?
adults 4-6
kids 3-4
infant 2 mm
Who do you pull up and out in?
adults
Who do you pull down and back in?
kids
What is light reflex on TM?
cone of light on pars tensa
What are the features of otitis externa?
painful tragus, lymphadenopathy, summer, normal TM, fever, slight hearing loss
What are the features of otitis media?
painless tragus, absent lymph, normal ear cnal, winter season, fluid, fever, decreased hearing
Where are most polyps found?
middle meatus
How do you transillumiate hard palate?
direct light down under medial aspect of eye, open mouth; observe through hard palate.
How do you illuminate frontal sinus?
direct light up under medial aspect of eyebrow, cover eye and scope; observe above eye
What do bluish gray boggy turbinates mean?
allergies
What are signs of cocaine use?
rhinorrhea, hyperemia, edema of nose, scabs, decreased taste and smell, perf of septum
What is it when teeth don’t line up?
malocclusion
What nerve controls deviation of tongue?
CN XII - hypoglossal
goes to affected side
Where are 85% of lingual cancers?
lateral or ventral surface of tongue
What is a bony protuberance at midline of hard palate?
torsus palatinus
What is a bifid uvula?
usually benign but could be cleft palate
What does say ah check?
glossopharyngeal IX and vagus X
- deviates to unaffected side
What is yellow mucoid in pharynx?
post nasal drop
What nerves are involved in gag reflex?
IX and X
What are benign variants of tongue?
geographic, black hairy and fissured
What are most oral cancers?
squamous cell
Where are oral cancers most common?
tongue, floor of mouth, lower lip vermillion
How is infant different on ENT?
short ear canal
adnoids can block eustachian tube
sinues still develioping
What sinus is present at birth?
maxiilllary
What sinus is present at age 5?
sphenoid
What sinus is present at 7-8yo?
frontal
When do you lose smell?
60
When do you lose taste?
50
pale lips =
anemia
glossitis =
niacin or b12 def
When should a ped otoscopic exam be done?
end of exam
