Head, Neck Flashcards
What is in the anterior triangle?
thyroid, larynx, pharynx, lymph nodes, submandibular gland, fat
What is in the posterior triangle?
lymph nodes
What is the largest endocrine gland?
thyroid, lies over trachea, 2 lobes
What connects the two lobes of the thyroid?
isthmus (across larynx)
What are chief complaints here?
Neck Pain Neck Mass Headache Laceration Thyroid
What do you look for on inspection?
Disposition Head --Position --Size --Shape (oval, round, slightly square) Facial Features Symmetry Scalp/Hair Skin Masses
What facial features are you looking at?
Palpebral fissures Nasolabial folds Eyelids Eyebrows Mouth
Which facial features are important for symmetry?
palpebral fissues, nasolabial folds
what are expressions/appearances of the face and features of the head and neck?
facies
What is moon facies from?
high levels of cortisol = cushings
What does the hippocratic facies mean?
impeding death
What do you note about masses?
size, location, shape and consistency
What do you inspect in the neck?
Neck slightly hyperextended Observe patient swallowing Muscle Symmetry Masses Trachea- Midline Venous distention or Carotid artery prominence Webbing Cervical spine Range of motion
What do you look at for the trachea?
midline
What is cervical spine ROM?
Flexion- 45 degrees
Extension- 55 degrees
Lateral Bending- 40 degrees
Rotation- 70 degrees
When are sutures fused?
by 6 mo
What do you look at for hair?
color, texture, distribution
What are the facial bones?
Frontal
Zygomatic Arc
Maxilla
Mandible
What does clenching teeth check?
temporalis and masseter muscles
What is the parotid duct?
stenson
What is submandibular duct?
wharton’s - by frenulum
What is masseter muscle hyperirritability due to?
hypocalcemia or tetany
What is the sign for tapping on facial near in front of ear?
chvostek sign
What can cause diplopia?
cerebral aneurysm
What do you want to know about any mass?
rate of growth
When does anterior fontanelle close?
by 24 mo
What does tracheal tug suggest?
aortic aneurysm
Age of Onset: Adulthood Location: Bilateral or occipital Duration: Hours Time of Onset: Morning Quality of pain: Throbbing Prodromal Event: None Precipitating Event: None Frequency: Daily Gender Predilection: Equal Other Symptoms: Better as the day goes on
HTN headache
Age of Onset: Childhood Location: Unilateral Duration: Hours to days Time of Onset: Morning or night Quality of pain: Pulsating or throbbing Prodromal Event: Well-defined Precipitating Event: Menstrual period; missing meals; birth control pills; letdown after stress Frequency: Twice a week Gender Predilection: Females Other Symptoms: Nausea; vomiting
Classic Migrane
Age of Onset: Adulthood Location: Unilateral Duration: 1/2 to 2 hours Time of Onset: Night Quality of pain: Intense burning Prodromal Event: Personality changes Precipitating Event: Alcohol consumption Frequency: Several times nightly then none Gender Predilection: Males Other Symptoms: Increased lacrimation; nasal discharge
Cluster
Age of Onset: Adulthood Location: Unilateral or bilateral Duration: Hours to days Time of Onset: Anytime Quality of pain: Bandlike or constricting Prodromal Event: None Precipitating Event: Stress; anger Frequency: Daily Gender Predilection: Equal Other Symptoms: None`
Tension
