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Patient Assessment > Eyes > Flashcards

Eyes Flashcards

1
Q

Light focused posterior to the retina

A

hyperopia

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2
Q

light focused anterior to retina

A

myopia

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3
Q

light not focused in all directions, cornea spherical

A

astigmatism

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4
Q

decreasing near vision due to decreased ability to accomodate

A

presbyopia

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5
Q

When do you start to get presbyopia?

A

40

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6
Q

How far away is snellen chart?

A

20 ft

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7
Q

How far away is visual acuity card?

A

14 in

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8
Q

What is the first test you do?

A

visual acuity

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9
Q

What is legal blindness?

A

20/200

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10
Q

How many fields per eye in visual fields?

A

4 - nasal, temporal, superior, inferior

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11
Q

Loss of temporal fields

Caused by pituitary tumor compressing optic chiasm

A

bitemporal hemianopsia

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12
Q

loss of half visual field

A

hemianopsia

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13
Q

total loss of vision

A

blind eye

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14
Q

Visual loss in similar fields
Optic tract, optic radiation or occipital cortex1
Common after stroke

A

homonymous hemianopsia

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15
Q

Pie in the sky, lower optic radiation or lower occipital region

A

quadrantoanopsia

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16
Q

What is rhythmic motion of eye?

A

nystagmus

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17
Q

Oral, raised irregular yellow-tinted lesions on periorbital tissues
Lipid deposits representing abnormal lipid metabolism

A

xanthelasma

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18
Q

What causes periorbital edema?

A

thyroid, allergies, renal disease

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19
Q

drooping of eyelid

A

ptosis

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20
Q

inability to completely close the eye caused by thyroid disease or bells palsy

A

lagophthalmos

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21
Q

Blocked meibomian gland

A

chalazion

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22
Q

staph infection of eyelash follicle

A

hordeolum

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23
Q

Dehiscence in the sclera without inflammatory changes

A

scleromalacia perforans

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24
Q

What is seen in wilson’s disease?

A

Kayser-Fleischer ring - dark ring around iris

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25
Q

What is the most common injury of the eye?

A

corneal abrasion

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26
Q

When patient looks downward, deforms the lower lid due to it’s pointy shape

A

munson’s sign

27
Q

cornea protrudes as cone

A

keratoconus

28
Q

What do you use with slit lamp?

A

proparacaine and fluorescein

29
Q

What causes blephritis?

A 
Bacterial infection
Seborrhea
Psoriasis
Allergic response
Rosacea manifestation
30
Q

excessive tearing

A

epiphora

31
Q

inflammation of lacrimal duct

A

dacryocysitis

32
Q

Is subconjunctival hemorrhage dangerous?

A

no, due to coughing, sneezing, vomiting

33
Q

Whitish-yellow, triangular nodular growth on bulbar conjunctiva near the limbus

A

pinguecula

34
Q

ascular growth on bulbar conjunctiva from the medial canthus extending to the cornea

A

pterygium

35
Q

Usually bilateral congenital tumor

Superotemporal quadrant near lateral canthus

A

dermolipoma

36
Q

Does sclera have blood vessels?

A

NO

37
Q

yellow sclera

A

jaudice/icterus

38
Q

blue sclera

A

osteogenesis imperfect

39
Q

thinning of sclera

A

senile hyaline plaque

40
Q

Noninfectious inflammation of subconjunctiva and superficial to sclera
Benign and painless

A

episcleritis

41
Q

Inflammation of the sclera
Related to systemic disease
Painful, bilateral with Photophobia

A

scleritis

42
Q

Pupil

A

miosis

43
Q

What causes miosis?

A 
Opiate overdose
Pilocarpine (glaucoma)
Age
Horner’s Syndrome
Marcus Gunn
44
Q

pupil >6mm and fails to constrict

A

mydriasis

45
Q

What causes mydriasis?

A 
Midbrain lesions
Oculomotor injury
Acute angle glaucoma
Cycloplegic drops
Drug abuse
Cocaine
46
Q

What is unequal pupils?

A

anisocoria

47
Q

sensory network of eye

A

retina

48
Q

When does lysozyme increase?

A

pregnancy

49
Q

what are bilat miotic eyes?

A

argyll robertson pupil

50
Q

What causes argyll robertson pupil?

A

neurosyphilis and midbrain lesions

51
Q

Dilated pupil 3-6 mm
Little constriction with light and accommodation
Benign and unknown cause

A

Adie’s tonic pupil

52
Q

Congenital gap in the iris

Can affect visual acuity and cause glare

A

iris coloboma

53
Q

Adhesions between the cornea or lens

A

synechiae

54
Q

How do you assess chamber depth?

A

shine light obliquely

55
Q

How do you measure intraocular pressure?

A

tonometer

56
Q

opacification of lens and leading cause of blindness

A

cataract

57
Q

Thinning of the sclera allowing for outward bulging of ocular contents

A

staphyloma

58
Q

White areas where retina and choroid is absent

A

colobomas

59
Q

What is absent red reflex?

A

leukokoria

60
Q

When is retinoblastoma most common?

A

kids

61
Q

What disease has lens dislocation?

A

marfans

62
Q

When do you not use mydriatics?

A

shallow anterior chamber

63
Q

Which condition of the eye is associated with impaired vision?

A

corneal scar

Patient Assessment (23 decks)

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