Main Themes of Microbiology Flashcards
Prokaryotes
no nucleus, unicellular, no organelles
Prokaryotes include
bacteria and archaea
Eukaryotes
nucleus, uni/multicellular, organelles
Kingdoms of eukaryotes
plants, animals, fungi, algae, protazoa
Earth formed…
4.5 bya
First life on earth appeared…
4 bya
- prokaryotic life similar to archaea
- evolved underwater vents/volcanos
Eukaryotes evolved…
1.2 bya
Unicellular/prokaryotic for…
2 billion years
Basic structure of microbes
eukaryote, prokaryote, virus
What is the smallest microbe which cannot be seen under a light microscope?
virus
Microbial habitats
photosynthesis, ice, decomposition, soil formation
Human uses of microbes
extract ore, clean up soil (bioremediation), make chemicals, make beer, reduce pollution, biofuels, etc
Antoine can Leeuwenhoek
created the compound microscope observing many organisms in the process
Scientific method
- observation
- question
- hypothesis
- experiment
- conclusion
Edward Jenner
created the vaccine using his version of the scientific method
Robert Koch
provided the most evidence to support the Germ Theory of Diseases
Louis Pasteur
disproved life regenesis
The Germ Theory of Diseases
certain microbes can cause specific diseases
Joseph Lister
aseptic techniques
Carl Woese
The scientist(s) that proposed assigning organisms to one of three domains
Pasteur used swan-neck flasks in his experiments to show
dust in air was a source of living microorganisms
The scientist that showed disease anthrax was caused by bacterium Bacillus anthracis
Koch
True or False: By the year 2010, scientists were able to develop a variety of strategies to grow laboratory cultures of a vast majority of the microbial strains on Earth
false
A unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms?
no cell structure
When assigning a scientific name to an organism…
italicize both the genus and species
Helminths are…
parasitic worms
All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that…
are too small to see with the naked eye