Lung Flashcards
Drugs causing pulmonar fibrosis:
6
CYCLOphosphamide
CARmustine
BUSulphan
methoTRUCKsate
aminoDaRON
BLEOmycin
Neurogenic respiratory failure
در خون
Hypercapnic
Wich lung condition associate clubbing
Bronchiectasis
*chest physiotherapy could help
Decrease inflammation in asthma
Montelukast
Most common cause of chronic cough
Upper airway caugh syndrome
Massive pneumothorax ttt
Chest tube
Genetic of bronchial asthma
Contribution from HLA alleles
Salbutamol effect on K
Salbutamol reduces serum potassium levels by increasing the shift of extracellular potassium into the intracelluar space.
Possitive PPD test
without any RF
15 mm
Most common cause of community acquired pneumonia
Streptococccus pneumoniae
What week of gestation alveoli form
28 week
Clinical sign associate with pulmonary HTN
Stroke
Ethambutol SE
Blurred vision, eye pain, red-green color blindness, or any loss of vision (more common with high doses)
Rifampin SE
Red urine
با هماچورى اشتباه گرفته مىشود
Pyrazinamide SE
Gout
پری چشم گاوی
After + PPD next step
CXR
Cheyne Stokes breathing?
Increased rate and depth of breathing over a prolonged period of time
Lung cancer, low PTH, high Calcium why?
PTH-related peptide
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent type of PTHrP-producing lung cancer. Tumor progression is usually rapid in patients with HHM. In the normal state, the serum calcium level is regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcitonin.
Bronchiolitis treatment
Supportive care and monitoring
Common manifestation of pulmonary dis in HIV
Pneumonia
Reduce production of mucous in COPD and asthma
Ipratropium Br
Inhale 3 nanogram cotton
Trapp in distal airway leading to fibrosis
Common cause of bronchiolitis
RSV
Respiratory Syncycial Virus
Initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis
INH, rifampin, ethambutol, pyrazinamid
*isonicotinic acid hydrazide
Caugh during exercize ttt?
Inhaled salbutamol
Most common cause of pulmonary embolism
Deep vein thrombosis
Non smoker lung cancer,work in electricity generation cause?
Radon gas
Ventilatorassociated pneumonia cause? (ICU)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Skin manifestation associated with cystic fibrosis
Acrodermatitis enteropathica
What breathing pattern is observed after stroke?
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
Most specic test for tuberculosis?
AFB culture
What cells give rise to lung adenocarcinoma?
Neuroendocrine cells
Lung abscess ttt?
Clindamycin
Streptomycin SE
Vertigo
Cause of immediate death in burn injery
Inhalation injury
Gold standard diagnose pulmonary embolism
Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the gold standard for pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis
Obstructive sleep apnea symp (10)
- Excessive daytime sleepiness
- Loud snoring
- Observed episodes of stopped breathing during sleep
- Abrupt awakenings accompanied by gasping or choking
- Awakening with a dry mouth or sore throat
- Morning headache
- Difficulty concentrating during the day
- Mood changes, such as depression or irritability
- High blood pressure
- Decreased libido
ARDS
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition where the lungs cannot provide the body’s vital organs with enough oxygen. It’s usually a complication of a serious existing health condition. This means most people are already in hospital by the time they develop ARDS
Sepsis may be the most common cause of ARDS that develops several days or more after severe trauma or burns. Massive traumatic tissue injury may directly precipitate or predispose a patient to ARDS
In ARDS, the injured lung is believed to go through three phases: exudative, proliferative, and fibrotic, but the course of each phase and the overall disease progression is variable
Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder that causes severe damage to the lungs, digestive system and other organs in the body. Cystic fibrosis affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat and digestive juices. These secreted fluids are normally thin and slippery اتوزوم مغلوب
Cystic fibrosis dx
To diagnose cystic fibrosis, doctors usually perform blood tests. They may test sweat for high salt content, which can indicate cystic fibrosis. If the diagnosis is confirmed, doctors may evaluate the condition with a chest x-ray, chest or abdominal CT or MRI, abdominal ultrasound, or sinus CT
Cholorid sweet test
HLM increase in which lung dis?
Increases in hemosiderin-laden macrophages (HLM) are reported to be observed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). According to a recent study, significant correlation between hemosiderin deposition in the lung tissue of IPF and pulmonary hypertension evaluated by echocardiography has been suspected
Alarm sign in stridor
Cyanosis
Bronchial carcinoma
Bronchogenic carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm of the lung arising from the epithelium of the bronchus or bronchiole. Pathology. Bronchogenic carcinomas begin as a small focus of atypical epithelial cells within the bronchial mucosa
There are four major cell types: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, undifferentiated large cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma
Asthema treatment stages
SABA: short acting beta2 agonist ICS: inhaled corticosteriods LABA: long acting beta2 agonist LAMA: long acting anticholinergic LTRA: leukotrine receptor antigonist OCS: oral corticosteroids
1: SABA
2: SABA + low dose ICS
3: SABA + low dose ICS + LABA
4: SABA + med high dose ICS + LABA + LTRA
5: SABA + anti igE + anti IL5 + Macrolids
Byssinosis
Byssinosis is a disease of the lungs. It is caused by breathing in cotton dust or dusts from other vegetable fibers such as flax, hemp, or sisal while at work
The symptoms of byssinosis are similar to asthma and include tightness in the chest, wheezing, and coughing.
…
If you have a severe case, you may experience flu-like symptoms
What is an NIV mask?
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is the use of breathing support administered through a face mask, nasal mask, or a helmet. Air, usually with added oxygen, is given through the mask under positive pressure; generally the amount of pressure is alternated depending on whether someone is breathing in or out.
Arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)
The rate of oxygen diffusion across the alveoli-capillary membrane in addition to a faster and easier elimination of CO2, assures that capillary PaO2 is almost equal to the alveolar PAO2 and during normal conditions (at sea level) it correspond to 75 to 100 mmHg
💯monitor of asthma in ER
