ENT Flashcards
Myringitis
is a bacterial or viral infection of the eardrum. Myringitis is a form of acute otitis media. Acute otitis media often occurs in people with a cold or allergies. The infected ear is painful.
Tinnitus
is when you experience ringing or other noises in one or both of your ears. The noise you hear when you have tinnitus isn’t caused by an external sound, and other people usually can’t hear it. Tinnitus is a common problem. It affects about 15% to 20% of people, and is especially common in older adults
Pt sensation of lump in neck, no dysphagia, thyroid nl, endoscopy nl
Globus pharynges or globus sensation is the painless sensation of a lump in the throat and may be described as a foreign body sensation, a tightening or choking feeling. It is often associated with persistent clearing of the throat, chronic cough, hoarseness, and catarrh
Tonsillitis
ورم لوزه
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, two oval-shaped pads of tissue at the back of the throat — one tonsil on each side. Signs and symptoms of tonsillitis include swollen tonsils, sore throat, difficulty swallowing and tender lymph nodes on the sides of the neck
Neck mass move with deglutition/ protrusion of the tounge
Thryoglossal cyst
A thyroglossal cyst is a fibrous cyst that forms from a persistent thyroglossal duct. Thyroglossal cysts can be defined as an irregular neck mass or a lump which develops from cells and tissues left over after the formation of the thyroid gland during developmental stages.
The gold standard for measuring hearing loss
is pure tone audiometry, which is not always available in large population-based studies. Self-reporting scales regarding hearing are more readily available and are therefore often used in the absence of pure tone audiometry
AOM
acute otitis media (AOM), defined by convention as the first 3 weeks of a process in which the middle ear shows the signs and symptoms of acute inflammation, is the most common affliction necessitating medical therapy for children younger than 5 years
Otitis media ttt
Amoxicillin and clavilonic acid
Adults: Amoxicillin-clavulanate 875 mg/125 mg PO BID or 500 mg PO TID for 10-14d
Children:
Children 3 months or older - Amoxicillin/clavulanate 90 mg/kg/day PO divided BID; dose based on amoxicillin component; not to exceed 4 g amoxicillin/day
Neonates and infants younger than 3 months - Amoxicillin/clavulanate 30 mg/kg/day PO divided BID; dose based on amoxicillin component; use 125 mg/5 mL oral suspension in this age group
Otitis externa
Otitis externa is a condition that causes inflammation (redness and swelling) of the external ear canal, which is the tube between the outer ear and eardrum. Otitis externa is often referred to as “swimmer’s ear” because repeated exposure to water can make the ear canal more vulnerable to inflammation
Swimmer’s ear is caused by fungi or bacteria. Water that remains trapped in the ear canal (when swimming, for example) may provide a source for the growth of bacteria and fungi
Otosclerosis
Otosclerosis is a rare condition that causes hearing loss. It happens when a small bone in your middle ear – usually the one called the stapes – gets stuck in place. Most of the time, this happens when bone tissue in your middle ear grows around the stapes in a way it shouldn’t
Vestibular neuritis
is an inner ear disorder that may cause a person to experience such symptoms as sudden, severe vertigo (spinning/swaying sensation), dizziness, balance problems, nausea and vomiting
Most of the time, labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis go away on their own. This normally takes several weeks. If the cause is a bacterial infection, your doctor will give you antibiotics. But most cases are caused by viral infections, which can’t be cured with antibiotics.
DM eyes screening
People with type 1 diabetes should have a complete eye exam within five years of diagnosis. Those with type 2 should have an eye exam when they get diagnosed. After that, all people with diabetes should have an eye exam at least once a year
