Lower Limb

Question 0

Popliteal fossa

Answer 0

Fat filled hollow posterior to the knee

Question 1

What are the six major regions of the lower limb?

Answer 1

1. Gluteal region
2. Femoral region
3. Knee region
4. Leg region
5. Ankle (talocrural) region
6. Foot region

Question 2

Orientation of the femur when standing

Answer 2

Oblique - directed inferomedially within the thighs so that the knees are adjacent and are placed directly inferior to the trunk, returning the center of gravity to the vertical lines of the supporting legs and feet

Question 3

Hip bone (pelvis) in anatomical position

Answer 3

1. ASIS and anterosuperior aspect of pubis lies in the same frontal plane
2. Symphysial surface of the pubis is vertical (parallel to the median plane)
3. Internal aspect of the body of the pubis faces almost directly superiorly
4. Acetabulum faces inferolaterally, with the acetabular notch directed inferiorly
5. Obturator foramen lies inferomedial to the acetabulum

Question 4

Intertrochanteric line

Answer 4

Roughened ridge running from the greater to the lesser trochanter

Question 5

Intertrochanteric crest

Answer 5

Smooth ridge that joins the greater and lesser trochanters posteriorly

Question 6

Angle of inclination

Answer 6

Adult - 115 to 140 degrees (average = 126 degrees)
3 year old - 135 degrees
Old age - 120 degrees

Question 7

Angle of declination

Answer 7

Males - average of 7 degrees

Females - average of 12 degrees

Question 8

What type of bone is the patella?

Answer 8

Sesamoid bone

Question 9

Orientation of the patella

Answer 9

Anterior surface - convex
Superior border - inferoanteriorly
Lateral and medial borders - converge inferiorly to form the apex
Posterior surface - vertical ridge divides it into medial and lateral articular surfaces

Question 10

Level of the iliac crest

Answer 10

IV disc between L4 and L5