Cranial Nerves Flashcards
CN II
Name: optic nerve
Function: sight
Cranial exit: optic canal
CN I
Name: olfactory nerve
Fuction: smell
Cranial exit: cribiform plate of ethmoid bone
CN III
Name: oculomotor
Function: movement of the eye superiorly, inferiorly, and medially and movement of eyelid
Cranial exit: superior orbital fissure
CN IV
Name: trochlear nerve
Function: eye movement (inferolateral movement)
Cranial exit: superior orbital fissure
CN V
Name: trigeminal nerve
Function: sensation of olfactory area, maxillary area, and mandibular area
Cranial exit: superior orbital fissure
CN VI
Name: abducens nerve
Function: abduct (lateral movement) of eye
Cranial exit: superior orbital fissure
CN VII
Name: facial nerve
Function: facial expression
Cranial exit: internal acoustic meatus (facial canal and stylomastoid foramen)
CN VIII
Name: vestibulocochlear
Function: vestibular sensation - balance and position
Cranial exit: internal acoustic meatus
CN IX
Name: glossopharyngeal nerve
Function: swallowing and parotid, middle ear, and carotid sensation, and taste
Cranial exit: jugular foramen
CN X
Name: vagus nerve
Function: tracheal sensation, GI tract sensation, and taste
Cranial exit: jugular foramen
CN XI
Name: spinal accessory nerve
Function: innervation of traps and SCM
Cranial exit: jugular foramen
CN XII
Name: hypoglossal nerve
Function: motor to tongue muscles
Cranial exit: hypoglossal canal
What are the three divisions of the CN V and their exits?
Opthalmic - superior orbital fissure
Maxillary - foramen rotunda
Mandibular - foramen ovale
What sits in the cellica turcica?
Pituitary gland
What is the flow of the sinuses?
Superior flows into inferior sagittal sinuses which flows into the straight sinus which flows into the confluence which flows into transverse sinus which flows into the sigmoid sinus and finally to the internal jugular vein
What are the three dural folds?
Falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, and tentorium cerebelli
What are the four nerves that run through the superior orbital fissure?
CN III, IV, first division of V, and VI
What nerves give parasympathetic innervation?
III, VII, IX, and X
Pneumonics for cranial nerves
Names: Oh oh oh to touch and feel virgin girls vagina and hooters
Innervation: Some say marry money but my brother says big brains matter more
What does the middle meningeal artery come from?
Foramen spinosum
What are the two divisions of the cranium?
Neurocranium and viscerocranium
What are the two divisions of the neurocranium?
Calvaria (skull cap) and basicranium
What are the 8 bones of the neurocranium?
Frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, temporal (2), and parietal (2) bones
How many bones comprise the viscerocranium?
15
What does the petrous temporal region of the skull house?
Organs of hearing and balance
What are the three fossae of the cranium?
Anterior, middle, and posterior fossa
What are the three fissures of the orbit?
Superior, middle, and inferior orbital fissures
What does the crista galli anchor?
Falx cerebri
What does the cribiform plate house?
Olfactory nerve
What does the optic canal contain?
Optic nerve and opthalmic artery
What does the foramen magnum transmit?
Medulla, meninges, vertebral and spinal vessels, and the spinal root of CN XI
SCALP
Skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loss connective tissue, and pericranium
What are the three cranial meninges?
Superficial to deep: dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater
What are the two layers of the dura mater?
Periosteal layer and the meningeal layer
What separates the occipital lobes from the cerebellum?
Tentorium cerebelli
What separates the cerebellar hemispheres?
Falx cerebelli
What separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres?
Falx cerebri
What runs under the pterion?
Middle meningeal artery
