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Anatomy - Lower Limb and Face > Cervial Region > Flashcards

Cervial Region Flashcards

0
Q

What is the function of the carotid sinus?

A

Baroreceptor that reacts to changes in arterial BP

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1
Q

What are the four subdivisions (triangles) of the anterior cervical region?

A

Submental triangle, submandibular triangle, carotid triangle, and muscular triangle

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2
Q

What is the function of the carotid body?

A

Chemoreceptor that monitors the level of oxygen in the blood

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3
Q

What are the muscles of the suprahyoid group?

A

Mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, and digastric muscles

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4
Q

What are the muscles of the infrahyoid group?

A

Superficial plane - sternohyoid and omohyoid

Deep plane - sternothyroid and thyrohyoid

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5
Q

What is the tributary of the IJV?

A

Facial vein

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6
Q

What is the root of the neck?

A

Junctional area between the thorax and the neck

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7
Q

What is the inferior boundary of the root of the neck?

A

Laterally - first pair of ribs and their costal cartilages
Anteriorly - manubrium
Posteriorly - body of the T1 vertebrae

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8
Q

What divides the subclavian into three parts?

A

Anterior scalene muscle

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9
Q

What are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery?

A

Vertebral artery, internal thoracic artery, and thyrocervical trunk

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10
Q

What are the branches of the second part of the subclavian artery?

A

Costocervical trunk

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11
Q

What are the branches of the third part of the subclavian artery?

A

Dorsal scapular artery

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12
Q

What are the two branches of the thyrocervical trunk?

A

Suprascapular artery and cervicodorsal trunk

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13
Q

What are the two branches of the cervicodorsal trunk?

A

Dorsal scapular and superficial artery

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14
Q

What are the three nerves in the root of the neck?

A

Vagus, phrenic, and sympathetic trunks

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15
Q

What are the three cervical sympathetic ganglia?

A

Inferior, middle, and superior

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16
Q

What are the three visceral layers of the neck?

A

Superficial to deep:

  1. Endocrine - thyroid and parathyroid glands
  2. Respiratory - larynx and trachea
  3. Alimentary - pharynx and esophagus
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17
Q

What level is the hyoid bone?

A

C3 vertebrae

18
Q

What level is the thyroid cartilage?

A

C4 and C5 vertebrae

19
Q

What level is the cricoid cartilage?

A

C6 vertebrae

20
Q

What level does the common carotid artery bifurcate at?

A

C4 vertebrae

21
Q

Where is the common carotid artery found?

A

Carotid triangle

22
Q

What innervates the carotid sinus and carotid body?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) through the carotid sinus nerve and vagus nerve (CN X)

23
Q

What level is the thyroid gland?

A

C5-T1 vertebrae

24
Q

What is the arterial supply of the thyroid gland?

A

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

25
Q

What is the innervation of the thyroid gland?

A

Superior, middle, and inferior cervical sympathetic ganglia

26
Q

What is the arterial supply of the parathyroid gland?

A

Inferior thyroid artery

27
Q

What is the innervation of the parathyroid gland

A

Thyroid branches of the cervical sympathetic ganglia

28
Q

What are the main functions of the respiratory viscera?

A

Routing air and food into the respiratory tract and esophagus, providing a patent airway and a means of sealing it off temporarily, and producing voice

29
Q

What is the level of the larynx?

A

C3-C6 vertebrae

30
Q

What is the glottis?

A

Vocal apparatus of the larynx

31
Q

What are false vocal cords?

A

Vestibular folds

32
Q

What are true vocal cords?

A

Vocal folds

33
Q

Innervation of the larynx

A

Inferior and superior branches of the vagus nerve

34
Q

What is the level of the trachea?

A

Sternal angle

35
Q

What supports the trachea?

A

Cartilaginous tracheal rings

36
Q

What is the level of the pharynx?

A

Inferior border of cricoid cartilage and inferior border of C6 vertebrae

37
Q

What are the three parts of the pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

38
Q

What is the level of the laryngopharynx?

A

C4-C6 vertebral bodies

39
Q

Innervation of the pharynx

A

Motor - Pharyngeal branches of vagus nerve

Sensory - glossopharyngeal

40
Q

What is the level of the esophagus?

A

Inferior border of cricoid cartilage at the C6 vertebrae

41
Q

Innervation of the esophagus

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerves and the cervical sympathetic trunk

42
Q

Arterial supply of the esophagus

A

Inferior thyroid artery

Anatomy - Lower Limb and Face (16 decks)

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