Limbic System/Emotions

Question 1

Fornix

Answer 1

Connects hippocampus to mamillary bodies

Question 2

Dentate Gyrus

Answer 2

In hippocampus, involved w/ LTP

Question 3

Amygdala

Answer 3

Has different nuclei that receive sensory inputs (cortex/thalamus) and memory (hippocampus), then sends it out to various places so you have an experience and then generate an emotional response to it

Question 4

Papez Circuit (circuit 7/8 and role)

Answer 4

Involved in limbic regulation
Hippocampus -> fornix -> mamillary body -> mammillothalamic tract -> anterior thalamic nucleus -> thalamocortical fibers -> cingulate gyrus -> direct feedback to hippocampus

Question 5

Reward/Emotion Pathway of Limbic System

Answer 5

VTA –> nucleus accumbens -> prefrontal cortex -> amygdala

Basically get sensory input and motor outputs

Question 6

Piriform and entorhinal cortex

Answer 6

Olfactory stuff projects here, older part of cortex

Question 7

2 Halves of Hippocampus

Answer 7

Dominant (left): verbal memory

Nondominant (right): spatial memory

Question 8

Bilateral Ablation of Hippocampus

Answer 8

Anterograde amnesia

Question 9

5 Functions of Amygdala

Answer 9

Startle reflex/fight or flight
Regulate mood/aggression/behaviors/social, etc
Social/emotional meaning to sensory info
Emotional memories
Recognition of fear

Question 10

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome (what it is and 4 effects)

Answer 10

Bilateral amygdala ablation

1. Placid/tame/flattened emotions
2. Nonaggressive behavior - inability to recognize fear
3. Visual agnosias (don’t understand what they’re seeing)
4. Hyperorality and sexuality

Question 11

Korsakoff Syndrome (what it is, 3 symptoms)

Answer 11

Vitamin B1 deficiency from alcoholism causes bilateral lesions in mamillary bodies

1. Anterograde amnesia/apathy/confabulation
2. Ophthalmoplegia - weakness/paralysis in eye muscles
3. Wide stance gait

Question 12

2 Effects of Prolonged Stress

Answer 12

Amygdala has new branches w/ fear and panic

Hippocampus - neural degeneration and memory loss